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State Exam Topics in Hygiene and Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague[edit | edit source]
- Health Issues of Traffic Emissions
- Environment and Health
- Effects on the Population’s Health Status
- Health Effects of Air Pollution on Man
- Environment Pollution and Human Exposure
- Biological Monitoring
- Primary and Secondary Emissions
- Imissions
- Emergency Situations
- Exposure of Man to Dust and Aerosols; Health Hazards, Prevention
- Hygienic Issues of Solid Wastes
- Carcinogenicity of chemical substances and of physical factors in the environment
- IARC Classification
- Genotoxic Substances, their Effect on Health
- Maximum Admissible Concentrations of Harmful Substances
- Combined and Complex Exposition to Harmful Substances in the Environment
- Issues of Day Lighting
- Combined Illumination
- Visual Stress
- Issues of Artificial Illumination, Typical Sources
- Visual Stress
- Joint Lighting, Glare
- Types of Noise, Adverse Effects on Humans
- Units Describing Human Noise Load in Living and Working Environment
- Adverse Noise Effects, Prevention and Protection
- Microclimate (temperature, humidity, air velocity) and its effect on health
- UV Radiation Types, Ozone Layer Depletion, Prognosis of its Evolution
- Biological Effects of UV Radiation, Protection
- Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Radiation (thermal, non-thermal). Typical Sources, Health Protection
- Laser Issues. Types, Use, Health Hazards, Health Protection
- Ionising Radiation (basic terms, stochastic and non stochastic effects)
- Adverse Effects of Vibrations on Humans, Prevention
- Hygienic Requirements on Working Environment, Categorization of Working Operations, main Parameters and Criteria
- Risk Analysis at Work, Health Risk Assessment and Management
- Physiological Evaluation Methods of Work and Thermal Organism Loads
- Types of Work
- Work of Special Groups (pregnant women, adolescents, elderly people, and disabled persons)
- Exposure Assessment at Work
- Exposure Limits
- Workplace Visits
- Consultation Activities of a Physician for Enterprise
- Health Promotion
- Medical Fitness-for-work Assessment
- Preventive Medical Examinations
- Work Load and Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Toxic Metals in Living and Occupational Environments
- Organic Solvents in Working Environment
- Chemical Safety Report
- Professional Hazard in Health Services
- Health Issues in Agriculture
- Chemical Compounds in Buildings (sources, health risks, prevention)
- Biological Risks in Buildings (types, adverse health effects, prevention)
- Radon
- Health Risks in Indoor Environment
- Sick Building Syndrome
- Misuse of Addictive Substances (especially alcohol, medical and illegal drugs)
- Epidemiology of Tobacco Dependence - prevalence, morbidity, mortality in the Czech Republic and globally
- Different Forms of Tobacco Use, Health Consequences, Tobacco Use Epidemic
- Tobacco Dependence Prevention
- The Role of Health Professionals in Tobacco Dependence Treatment, Treatment Possibilities
- Life Style and Cardiovascular Diseases, Risk Factors
- Stress, Importance for Health
- Mental Hygiene
- Current Dietary Guidelines for Healthy Population
- Assessment of Nutritional Status of Population Groups and Individuals
- Role of Various Food Groups in Human Nutrition
- Role of Lipids and Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition (sources, excess, deficiency)
- Role of Protein in Human Nutrition (sources, excess, deficiency)
- Role of Minerals in Human Nutrition (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K): sources, excess, deficiency
- Role of Trace Elements in Human Nutrition (Fe, J, Cu, Cr, F, Se, Zn): sources, excess, deficiency
- Fat Soluble Vitamins (sources, role, excess, deficiency)
- Water Soluble Vitamins (sources, role, excess, deficiency)
- Role of Micro-organisms in Foods
- Food Contaminants (xenobiotics)
- Child Feeding
- Importance of Breast-feeding
- Alternative Diets
- Diseases Caused by Excess or Deficiency of Nutrients (especially obesity)
- Food Safety Requirements at Catering Establishments Including Health Facilities
- Soil Health Risks
- Health Issues of Children Sand Pits
- Natural Swimming Places and Swimming Pools
- Drinking Water - quality requirements
- Bottled Water
- Individual Sources of Drinking Water
- Water Treatment in Emergencies or Field Conditions
- Mass water Supply
- Drinking Water Issues in the Czech Republic
- Water Related Health Hazards
- Allergens in the Environment. Health risks, prevention possibilities
- Epidemiology of Accidents; Prevention Possibilities
- Basic Health Indicators (morbidity, incidence, prevalence, mortality, fatality rate)
- Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention
- Descriptive Studies
- Analytical Studies
- Experimental Studies
- Population Sample
- Statistical Induction Principle
- Measures of Central Tendency and Variability
- Normal (Gaussian) Distribution
- Fourfold and Contingency Tables
- Association, Correlation and Regression Measuring
- General Procedure of Hypotheses Testing, Level of Significance
- Attributable and Relative Risks
- Odds Ratio
- Requirements at Examination Methods
- Sensitivity
- Specificity
- False Positivity
- False Negativity
- Primary Prevention of Common Chronic Diseases
- Malignant Tumours
- Role of Cancer Registries
- Risk Factors of Cancer
- Process of Infection Propagation
- Source of Infection
- Process of Infection Propagation
- Susceptible Organism in the Process of Infection Transmission
- Alimentary Infections
- Airborne Infections
- Vector-born Infections
- Infections of Skin and Superficial Mucosa
- Blood Transmitted Infections
- Anthropozoonoses
- HIV/AIDS Epidemiology
- Nosocomial Infections – Prevention, Repression
- Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infections
- Preventive Anti-epidemic Measures
- Anti-epidemic Measures
- Surveillance
- Sterilization - importance, methods
- Disinfection - importance, methods
- Active and Passive Immunization, Vaccine Types
- Immunization in Your Country
- Immunization in the World - Current Problems
- Immunization in Travelling Medicine
- Evidence Based Medicine, Role of Epidemiology – Evidence Hierarchy
- Risk Factor
- Confounding Factor
