Polyneuropathy
Polyneuropathies represent an etiologically extensive group of non-traumatic peripheral nerve disorders. Causes may include:
- toxic substances: lead (mainly extensors), alcohol (mainly peroneus muscle),
- metabolic diseases: diabetes mellitus, porphyria, uremia, liver cirrhosis, hypothyroidism,
- infectious diseases: diphtheria, mumps, mononucleosis, typhus,
- drugs (cytostatics),
- dysproteinemia and paraproteinemia (myeloma),
- paraneoplastic polyneuropathies (mainly small cell lung cancer),
- autoimmune disease (celiac disease)[1]
- hereditary (Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease).
Common clinical signs[edit | edit source]
Paresthesia, glove-like and stocking-like hypoesthesia,often symmetrical involvement, rather sensitive than the motor, more frequent involvement of DK (longer course of peripheral nerves), motor disorders (usually later), vegetative disorders (skin atrophy), trophic changes on nails, skin, disorders of internal organs (urination, delayed gastric emptying, constipation, erectile dysfunction, impotence). It develops over weeks, months and years.
Division of polyneuropathies according to course[edit | edit source]
- Acute: days to a month (porphyria, motor disorders predominate, more on HKK),
- Subacute: in weeks - diphtheria, drugs (vincristine), metal poisoning (lead, thallium, arsenic),
- with a chronic course: paraneoplastic, paraproteinemia, collagenosis, metabolic (diabetes mellitus, uremia, hypothyroidism), hereditary.
Diferential diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Very difficult. Cause not identified in 20–30 %.
Diagnostics[edit | edit source]
EMG, detailed laboratory height. blood and urine, sometimes we cannot do without examination of cerebrospinal fluid, nerve and muscle biopsy and other paraclinical tests.
Links[edit | edit source]
Related articles[edit | edit source]
- SEIDL, Zdeněk – OBENBERGER, Jiří. Neurology for study and practice. 2. edition. Grada Publishing, 2004. ISBN 80-247-0623-7.
Related articles[edit | edit source]
- Polyneuropathy/PGS/diagnosis
- Metabolic and toxic encephalopathies and neuropathies
- Acute conditions in neurology and disorders of consciousness/PGS
- Neuroinfections/ CNS/PGS inflammations
- Balance disorders/PGS
- Neuropathy and neuromuscular diseases/PGS
- The most common syndromes and diseases of pediatric neurology/PGS
- Tremor/PGS/diagnosis
Reference[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Česká republika. Ministry of health. Targeted screening for celiac disease (methodicall guideline). In Bulletin of the Ministry of Health of the Czech republic, volume 3. 2011. pp. 51. Available from <http://www.mzcr.cz/Legislativa/dokumenty/vestnik-c_4741_2162_11.html>.
