Luxation

Luxation (dislocation) occurs in case of significant force on the joint (possibly less force in case of predisposition), a serious disorder of congruence occurs. Repositioning can be spontaneous, but usually the joint is dislocated.

According to the mechanism of formation, we distinguish sprains:

• Traumatic – caused by sudden and strong violence that breaks the stabilizing fibrous structures of the joint.
• Habitual – arises as a result of primary or secondary functional disorders or anatomical structure of the joint.
• Pathological – in case of long-term changes in the joint (damage of the joint surfaces during paralysis, loosening of the joint capsule during chronic inflammation).
• Congenital - basis in the presence of congenital dysplasia (hip).

Clinical picture

• swelling, hematoma, significant pain
• we monitor innervation, blood supply to the periphery, momentum
• we are investigating whether it is a dislocation fracture on the X-ray

Therapy

• we perform under local or general anesthesia
• after repositioning, we check stability and detect damage to soft tissues
• we immobilize the joint
• subsequent rehabilitation is important

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  X-ray dorsocranial dislocation of the right hip

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  CT dorsocranial dislocation of the right hip

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  X-ray dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the fifth ray

Links

Related Articles

• Injury
• Developmental hip dysplasia
• Dislocation of the shoulder joint
• Patella luxation

References

• BENEŠ, Jiří. Study materials [online]. [cit. 2009]. <http://jirben.wz.cz>.

• ZEMAN, Miroslav, et al. Speciální chirurgie. 2. edition. Praha : Galén, 2004. 575 pp. ISBN 80-7262-260-9.