Genoa valgus
Genua valga ( bowed knees ) are characterized by an increase in the physiological valgusity of the knee joints (one-/two-sided).
At the age of 3-4 years, this is a common finding.
Etiology
The reasons can be different:
- in children – hypoplasia of the lateral femoral condyle , chondrodystrophy , osteogenesis imperfecta , rickets , increased joint laxity, metabolic diseases, fractures,
- in adults – conditions after inflammation of the knee joint, intra-articular fractures, rheumatoid arthritis , arthrosis of the lateral joint surfaces.
Clinical manifestations
- the knees touch with their inner surfaces, the lower leg turns to the side → "legs in X" ,
- the medial condyle of the femur protrudes,
- often associated with a flexible planovalgus position of the foot .
Subjective difficulties
- tiring walking, difficulty running, retropatellar pain, ligamentous instability of the knee, cosmetics.
Size rating
- intermalleolar distance (IMD) – the distance between the inner ankles, physiologically up to 2 cm,
- angle between the longitudinal axes of the lower leg and femur,
- physiological valgusness of the knee joint averages 6 °.
Treatment
A finding in childhood usually resolves without treatment.
- With an IMD of around 8 cm → exercise , modification of shoes – increasing the sole on the inside of the shoe.
On failure → night splints .
- Operative treatment
- temporary growth arrest by medial hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal femur according to Blount , supracondylar correction osteotomy of the femur.
Links
Related Articles [ edit | edit source ]
- Genoa vara
- Hereditary osteonychodysplasia
- Congenital multiple exostoses
- Marfan syndrome
- Enchondromatosis
- Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia
References [ edit | edit source ]
- SOSNA, A, P VAVŘÍK and M KRBEC, et al. Basics of orthopedics. 1st edition. Prague: Triton, 2001. 175 pp. ISBN 80-7254-202-8 .
- Dungl, P, et al. Orthopedics. 1st edition. Prague: Grada Publishing, 2005. 1273 pp. ISBN 80-247-0550-8 .
References [ edit | edit source ]
- ↑Jump up to:a b c d DUNGL, P., et al. Orthopedics. 1st edition. Prague: Grada Publishing, 2005. ISBN 80-247-0550-8 .
- ↑Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j SOSNA, A., P. VAVŘÍK and M. KRBEC, et al. Basics of orthopedics. 1st edition. Prague: Triton, 2001. ISBN 80-7254-202-8 .
