Burkholderia cepacia

Burkholderia cepacia
Burkholderiaceae
Burkholderia
Burkholderia Cepacia
Morphology G -
Cultivation selective soils to exclude Pseudomonas aeruginosa colony growth, Burkholderia cepacia agar
Disease nosocomial infections (especially of the respiratory tract, in patients with cystic fibrosis)
Diagnostics cultivation of suitable biological material
Therapy piperacillin, tazobactam , ceftazidime , carbapenems , fluoroquinolones
MeSH ID D016956

Template:Infobox - bakterie Burkholderia cepacia is a bacterium originally parasitizing on garlic plants. It is currently gaining in importance as a causative agent of nosocomial infections. High resistance to hospital disinfectants such as Ajatin, Septonex or chlorhexidine makes it exceptional. The bacteria can bind atmospheric carbon dioxide and thanks to this property it can also multiply in distilled water. B. cepacia produces exo substances that damage macroorganisms.

It is especially dangerous for patients with artificial heart valves or vascular implants and for patients with cystic pulmonary fibrosis. Among other things, it contributes to infections of the urogenital tract of women caused by nosocomial transmission via a gel used for gynecological examination. Effective treatment has been demonstrated with piperacillin and its protected variants with tazobactam, as well as with ceftazidime, carbopenems or fluoroquinolones. Cultivation of Burkholderia cepacia is not demanding, but selective soils are used to exclude the growth of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa colony .

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of the genus Burkholderia is constantly renewed, the current classification is as follows:

  • class Betaproteobacteria
  • order Burkholderiales
  • family Burkholderiaceae
  • genus Burkholderia


References

  • POVÝŠIL, Ctibor and Ivo ŠTEINER, et al. General pathology. 1st edition. Prague: Galén, 2011. 290 pp. Chapter 13: General Oncology. pp. 133-190. ISBN 978-80-7262-773-8 .
  • VOTAVA, Miroslav, et al. Medical microbiology special. 1st edition. Brno: Neptun, 2003. 495 pp. Chapter 1.1: Gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria. pp. 29-37. ISBN 80-902896-6-5 .
  • KAYSER, Fritz H. and Kurt A. BIENZ. Medical Microbiology. 1st edition. Germany: Thieme, 2005. 268 pp. 308-311. ISBN 9781588902450 .
  • SEDLÁK, Kamil and Markéta TOMŠÍČKOVÁ. Dangerous infections of animals and humans. 1st edition. Prague: Scientia, 2006. 167 pp. 147-148. ISBN 80-86960-07-2 .
Bacteria
G +
coke
aerobic
Micrococcus Micrococcus luteus
Rhodococcus Rhodococcus equi
facultatively anaerobic
Enterococcus Enterococcus durans • Enterococcus faecalis • Enterococcus faecium
Streptococcus Streptococcus agalactiae • Streptococcus mutans • Streptococcus pneumoniae • Streptococcus pyogenes • Streptococcus suis • Oral streptococci
Staphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus • Staphylococcus epidermidis • Staphylococcus intermedius • Staphylococcus saprophyticus
anaerobic
Peptococcus Peptococcus niger
Peptostreptococcus Peptostreptococcus anaerobius • Peptostreptococcus prevotii • Peptostreptococcus vaginalis
sticks
aerobic + facultative anaerobic
Arcanobacter Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
Bacillus Bacillus anthracis • Bacillus cereus
Corynebacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae • Corynebacterium jeikeium • Corynebacterium ulcerans • Corynebacterium urealyticum
Erysipelothrix Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Listeria Listeria monocytogenes
Nocardia Nocardia asteroides • Nocardia brasiliensis
Rhodococcus Rhodococcus equi
anaerobic
Actinomyces Actinomyces israeli • Actinomyces naeslundi
Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium dentium
Clostridium Clostridium botulinum • Clostridium difficile • Clostridium novyi • Clostridium tetani • Clostridium perfringens • Clostridium septicum • Clostridium ulcerans
Lactobacillus Lactobacillus acidophilus
Propionibacterium Propionibacterium acnes • Propionibacterium propionicus
Go
coke
aerobic
Acinetobacter Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Moraxella Moraxella catarrhalis • Moraxella lacunata
Neisseria Neisseria gonorrhoeae • Neisseria meningitidis • Non-pathogenic species of Neisseria
anaerobic
Veillonella Veillonella alcalescens • Veillonella parvula
cocobacilli
aerobic
Rickettsia Rickettsia prowazekii • Rickettsia rickettsii • Rickettsia typhi
sticks
aerobic
Alcaligentes Alkaligentes feacalis
Bartonella Bartonella bacilliformis • Bartonella henselae • Bartonella quintana
Bordetella Bordetella bronchiseptica • Bordetella parapertussis • Bordetella pertussis
Brucella Brucella abortus • Brucella canis • Brucella melitensis • Brucella suis
Burkholderia Burkholderia cepacia • Burkholderia mallei • Burkholderia pseudomallei
Francisella Francisella tularensis
Legionella Legionella pneumophila
Kingella Kingella denitrificans • Kingella kingae • Kingella oralis
Pseudomonas Pseudomonas aeruginosa • Pseudomonas fluorescens
Stenotrophomonas Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
facultatively anaerobic
Actinobacillus Actinobacillus equli • Actinobacillus lignieresii
Aeromonas Aermonas caviae • Aeromonas hydrophila • Aeromonas sobria
Afipia Afipia felis
Citrobacter Citrobacter freundi • Citrobacter koseri
Eikenella Eikenella corrodens
Enterobacter Enterobacter aerogenes • Enterobacter cloacae
Escherichia Escherichia coli
Haemophilus Haemophilus ducreyi • Haemophilus haemolyticus • Haemophilus influenzae • Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Klebsiella Klebsiella granulomatis • Klebsiella oxytoca • Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pasteurella Pasteurella haemolytica • Pasteurella multocida • Pasteurella ureae
Plesiomonas Plesiomonas shigelloides
Proteus Proteus mirabilis • Proteus vulgaris
Salmonella Salmonella Enteritidis • Salmonella Typhi • Salmonella Paratyphi
Serratia Serratia marcescens
Shigella Shigella boydii • Shigella dysenteriae • Shigella flexneri • Shigella sonnei
Vibrio Vibrio cholerae • Vibrio parahemolyticus
Yersinia Yersinia enterocolitica • Yersinia pestis • Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
microaerophilic
Campylobacter Campylobacter coli • Campylobacter fetus • Campylobacter jejuni
Helicobacter Helicobacter pylori
anaerobic
Bacteroides Bacteroides fragilis • Bacteroides vulgatus
Fusobacterium Fusobacterium necrophorum • Fusobacterium nucleatum • Fusobacterium stabile
Leptotricha Leptotricha buccalis
Mobiluncus Mobiluncus curtisii • Mobiluncus mulieris
Prevotella Prevotella melaninogenica
Porphyromonas Porphyromonas gingivalis
acid resistant
sticks
aerobic
Mycobacterium Atypical mycobacteria • Mycobacterium tuberculosis • Mycobacterium leprae
non-stainable G +/-
spiral
strictly aerobic
Leptospira Leptospira biflexa • Leptospira interrogans • Leptospira parva
microaerophilic
Borrelia Borrelia burgdorferi • Borrelia hermsi • Borrelia recurrentis • Borrelia vincenti
strictly anaerobic
Treponema Non-pathogenic treponems • Treponema carateum • Treponema pallidum • Treponema phagedenis • Treponema pertenue
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