Transmissible diseases

Aedes aegypti

Ixodes ricinus

Transmissible infections are vector-borne infections. The most common vector is arthropods that inoculate infectious agents into the human body. Vector transfer can be:

• mechanical – the etiological agent is in the gut or on the body surface of the vector and does not multiply, most often it is transmitted by food, such as salmonella, shigella or enteroviruses;
• biological – in this case the pathogen multiplies in the vector and is subsequently transmitted most often by the mechanism of inoculation, this type of transmission occurs, for example, in the case of malaria, yellow fever, or borreliosis

Human transmissible infections are characterized by:

• infectious agens (viruses, bacteria, or parasites);

• disease vector (for example mosquito, tick, louse, fly);
• pest reservation (for exapmle the animal species from which the vector obtains the infectious agent).
• responsive object (especially human)

examples

disease	source	disease vector	parent	responsive object
Malaria	human	female mosquito Anopheles maculipenis	Plasmodium falciparum/vivax/ovale/malariae/knowlesi	human
Yellow fever – city type	human	female mosquito Aedes aegypti	yellow fever virus	human
Yellow fever – jungle type	monkey	female mosquito Aedes africanus or Haemagogus	yellow fever virus	human
Dengue fever	human/monkey	Aedes mosquito	Dengue virus	human
Japanese encephalitis	bird/pig	Culex mosquito	Japanese encephalitis	human
Leishmaniosis	canis/rodents/human	Flebotomus mosquito	Leishmania donovani/major/brasiliensis/mexicana	human
Plague	rat	rat fleas Xenopsylla cheopsis	Yersinia pestis	human
Sleeping sickness	human/animal	Tse-Tse fly (Glossina palpalis)	Trypanosoma rhodesiense/gambiense	human
Typhus	human	Pediculus humanus louse locker room	Rickettsia prowazeki	human
Tick-borne meningoencephalitis	pest reservation animal	Tick Ixodes ricinus	Tick-borne meningoencephalitis virus	human
Lyme disease	pest reservation animal	Tick Ixodes ricinus	Borrelia burgdorferi	human

Links

Related articles

• Source of infection
• Spreading disease process
• Responsive object in spreading disease process

Used literature

• SCHEJBALOVÁ, Miriam. Proces šíření nákazy [lecture for subject hygiena a epidemiologie, specialization všeobecné lékařství, 1. LF UK]. Praha. 2011. 

• Milan Tuček, Univerzita Karlova. . Hygiena a epidemiologie. - edition. 2012. pp. 358. ISBN 9788024620251.

• GÖPFERTOVÁ, Dana – PAZDIORA, Petr. Epidemiologie infekčních nemocí : učebnice pro lékařské fakulty. 1. edition. 2003. ISBN 80-246-0452-3.