Nonspecific Intestinal Inflammations
Nonspecific intestinal inflammations [1] include Crohn's disease (ileitis terminalis) a ulcerative colitis (proctocolitis idiopathica). These are chronic inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract, which are often accompanied by abundant extraintestinal symptoms. Both diseases begin in childhood or adolescence and their etiology is unclear. The incidence and prevalence of nonspecific intestinal inflammation has been increasing in recent years, 20-30 % of the patients are children under 18 years of age.[2]
- Crohnova choroba
It is a chronic non-specific inflammation of the small or large intestine (or any part of the GIT). It is a segmental or multisegmental, transmural, typically granulomatous inflammation.
- Ulcerative colitis
Non-specific hemorrhagic-catarrhal or ulcerative inflammation of the rectum and the adjacent part (or the entire colon) with a sudden or chronically exacerbating course.
- Indeterminate colitis
It is an inflammation of the large intestine with characteristic overlapping features of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis or with various atypical signs, thanks to which the disease cannot be conclusively classified. [2]
| Crohnova choroba | ulcerózní kolitida[3][2] | |
|---|---|---|
| localization | the entire digestive tract, most often the terminal ileum | rectum a colon |
| type of damage | segmental (alternation of inflammatory and unaffected sections) | continuous progression in the oral direction |
| Abdominal X-ray | intestinal wall thickening, stenosis | the disappearance of haustration |
| endoscopy | discontinuous damage, focal aphthae, linear ulcers | hemorrhagic mucosa, diffuse inflammation, pseudopolyps |
| histology | inflammation of all layers of the intestinal wall (transmural) | inflammation of the mucous membranes and submucosa |
| typical epithelioid granulomas, lymphocytic infiltrates | cryptitis, cryptic abscesses | |
| klinický obraz | abdominal pain, diarrhea - rarely with blood | bloody diarrhea with tenesms |
| fever, weight loss, anorexia, growth retardation | ||
| complication | formation of fistulas, stenoses and abscesses | increased risk of carcinoma |
For more information see Crohn's disease. For more information see Ulcerative colitis .Links[edit | edit source]
Related articles[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
- ZÁDOROVÁ, Zdena. Czech Gastroenterological Society : Nonspecific intestinal inflammations [online]. ©2007. The last revision 2009-01-23, [cit. 2010-05-02]. <https://www.cgs-cls.cz/informace-pro-pacienty/nespecificke-strevni-zanety/>.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ ŠERCLOVÁ, Z, et al. Recommended procedures for surgical treatment of patients with non-specific intestinal inflammation - Part 1: preoperative preparation [online]. ©2015. [cit. 2019-06-07]. <https://www.cgs-cls.cz/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/06.pdf>.
- ↑ a b c LEBL, J – JANDA, J – POHUNEK, P, et al. Klinická pediatrie. 1. edition. Galén, 2012. 698 pp. pp. 311-318. ISBN 978-80-7262-772-1.
- ↑ MUNTAU, Ania Carolina. Pediatrie. 4. edition. Prague : Grada, 2009. pp. 372-377. ISBN 978-80-247-2525-3.
Kategorie:Gastroenterologie
Kategorie:Patofyziologie
Kategorie:Patologie
Kategorie:Pediatrie
Kategorie:Vnitřní lékařství
Kategorie:Imunologie
