Epithelial Tumors of the Oral Cavity

Squamous cell carcinoma

Epithelial tumors of the oral cavity can be divided into benign and malignant.

Epithelial benign tumors

Squamous cell papilloma

• It occurs mainly on the palate, buccal mucosa and lips.

Epithelial malignant tumors

Carcinoma of the Lip

• Occurrence mainly on the lower lip.
• Mostly in older men.
• It metastasizes to the submandibular and submental nodes very late.
• Diagnosis very good.
• At first a small hardening of the lip, then the separation of epithelia, the formation of a crust, under the crust a ulcer forms.

Carcinoma of the Tongue

Exophytic carcinoma of the tongue

• The most malignant tumor of the oral cavity.
• It metastasizes to the lymphatic nodes and the lungs.
• It occurs at the edges of the middle third of the tongue, tip and at the base.
• It grows rapidly in depth.
• Three times more common in men.
• At first only hardening of the tongue, later ulcer, pain, grows in cauliflower style and endophytic.

Carcinoma of the Base of the Oral Cavity

• Very common.
• Hardened ulcer, usually located laterally from the middle part of the base.
• It grows exophytically and endophytically.
• It often metastasizes contralaterally to the regional nodes.

Carcinoma of the Buccal Mucosa

• Ulceration with hardened base.
• Mainly in the molar area.
• Often exophytic growth.

Carcinoma of the Palate

• It is more common on the soft palate.
• Has the appearance of an ulceration.

Gingival Carcinoma

• It grows exophytically and endophytically.
• It often destroys the bone.
• In the maxilla, it can grow into the maxillary cavity.

References

Literature

• LIŠKA, Karel. Orofaciální patologie. 1. vydání. 1983.