Congenital deformities of the neck

From WikiLectures

Pterygium colli

Pterygium colli in a child with Turner syndrome

Pterygium colli (congenital fold of the neck) occurs in some syndromes:

Turner syndrome
  • in women, caryotype 45,X
  • pterygia, infantilismus, cubiti valgi, ovarial agenesis
  • endocrinological treatment + surgical correction of pterygium (Z-plastic)
Ullrich-Noonan syndrome
  • sex-chromatin positive Turner syndrome
  • conditioned by mutation of the PTPN11 gene, AD heritability, women and men
  • manifestations and treatment identical to Turner's syndrome

Torticollis muscularis congenita

Torticollis

Congenital muscular torticollis is caused by the shortening of the m. sternocleidomastoideus with the head tilted towards the affected side.

  • In general, torticollis can be congenital or acquired (ocular, neurogenic, psychogenic, secondary to infection or trauma);
  • etiology of congenital torticollis: is not precisely known (muscle rupture, intrauterine malposition, pressure, ischemia, genetic factors); the incidence is around 0.4%; it manifests 2 weeks after birth, the swelling increases within 4 months;
  • The treatment is surgical: total extirpation of the fibrotic sternocleidomastoid muscle, upper / lower tenotomy of the muscle insertion, Ferkel's surgery (Z-plasty of the muscle with its lengthening).


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Related articles

Used literature

  • MĚŠŤÁK, Jan. Úvod do plastické chirurgie. 1. edition. Univerzita Karlova v Praze - Nakladatelství Karolinum, 2005. 125 pp. ISBN 80-246-1150-3.