Clostridium

Clostridium spp.
Clostridiaceace
Clostridium
Clostridium Perfringens
Morphology G + sticks
Relation to oxygen anaerobic
Occurrence soil, mud, ponds, rivers and the coast, dust, vegetation, many species are commensal in the intestines of vertebrates and humans
Disease neurointoxication, necrotizing toxin infections, intestinal disease processes
Therapy beta lactam ATB (penicillin G), cephalosporins (cefoxitin), deoxylinecomycin, clindamycin, vancomycin, tetracyclines, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole

Template:Infobox - bacteria

An important group of bacteria, whose common characteristics are sensitivity to oxygen and the ability to sporulate. Developmentally, it belongs to a very old group of bacteria with numerous links to archaebacteria.

  • Morphology: G + rods, variously long and wide, mostly straight.
  • Occurence: Widespread in nature, occur in soil, mud (ponds, rivers, sea coast), dust, vegetation. Many species saprophyte in the gut of vertebrates and humans.

Disease

Clostridia cause 3 types of disease:

Shortcuts

  • Clostridium Botulinum
    Clostridium Botulinum
  • Clostridium Tetani
    Clostridium Tetani


References

  • BEDNÁŘ, M, V FRAŇKOVÁ and J SCHINDLER, et al. Medical microbiology - bacteriology, virology, parasitology. 1st edition. Prague: Marvil, 1996. 558 pp.  ISBN 80-238-0297-6 .
Bacteria
G +
coke
aerobic
Micrococcus Micrococcus luteus
Rhodococcus Rhodococcus equi
facultatively anaerobic
Enterococcus Enterococcus durans • Enterococcus faecalis • Enterococcus faecium
Streptococcus Streptococcus agalactiae • Streptococcus mutans • Streptococcus pneumoniae • Streptococcus pyogenes • Streptococcus suis • Oral streptococci
Staphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus • Staphylococcus epidermidis • Staphylococcus intermedius • Staphylococcus saprophyticus
anaerobic
Peptococcus Peptococcus niger
Peptostreptococcus Peptostreptococcus anaerobius • Peptostreptococcus prevotii • Peptostreptococcus vaginalis
sticks
aerobic + facultative anaerobic
Arcanobacter Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
Bacillus Bacillus anthracis • Bacillus cereus
Corynebacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae • Corynebacterium jeikeium • Corynebacterium ulcerans • Corynebacterium urealyticum
Erysipelothrix Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Listeria Listeria monocytogenes
Nocardia Nocardia asteroides • Nocardia brasiliensis
Rhodococcus Rhodococcus equi
anaerobic
Actinomyces Actinomyces israeli • Actinomyces naeslundi
Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium dentium
Clostridium Clostridium botulinum • Clostridium difficile • Clostridium novyi • Clostridium tetani • Clostridium perfringens • Clostridium septicum • Clostridium ulcerans
Lactobacillus Lactobacillus acidophilus
Propionibacterium Propionibacterium acnes • Propionibacterium propionicus
Go
coke
aerobic
Acinetobacter Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Moraxella Moraxella catarrhalis • Moraxella lacunata
Neisseria Neisseria gonorrhoeae • Neisseria meningitidis • Non-pathogenic species of Neisseria
anaerobic
Veillonella Veillonella alcalescens • Veillonella parvula
cocobacilli
aerobic
Rickettsia Rickettsia prowazekii • Rickettsia rickettsii • Rickettsia typhi
sticks
aerobic
Alcaligentes Alkaligentes feacalis
Bartonella Bartonella bacilliformis • Bartonella henselae • Bartonella quintana
Bordetella Bordetella bronchiseptica • Bordetella parapertussis • Bordetella pertussis
Brucella Brucella abortus • Brucella canis • Brucella melitensis • Brucella suis
Burkholderia Burkholderia cepacia • Burkholderia mallei • Burkholderia pseudomallei
Francisella Francisella tularensis
Legionella Legionella pneumophila
Kingella Kingella denitrificans • Kingella kingae • Kingella oralis
Pseudomonas Pseudomonas aeruginosa • Pseudomonas fluorescens
Stenotrophomonas Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
facultatively anaerobic
Actinobacillus Actinobacillus equli • Actinobacillus lignieresii
Aeromonas Aermonas caviae • Aeromonas hydrophila • Aeromonas sobria
Afipia Afipia felis
Citrobacter Citrobacter freundi • Citrobacter koseri
Eikenella Eikenella corrodens
Enterobacter Enterobacter aerogenes • Enterobacter cloacae
Escherichia Escherichia coli
Haemophilus Haemophilus ducreyi • Haemophilus haemolyticus • Haemophilus influenzae • Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Klebsiella Klebsiella granulomatis • Klebsiella oxytoca • Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pasteurella Pasteurella haemolytica • Pasteurella multocida • Pasteurella ureae
Plesiomonas Plesiomonas shigelloides
Proteus Proteus mirabilis • Proteus vulgaris
Salmonella Salmonella Enteritidis • Salmonella Typhi • Salmonella Paratyphi
Serratia Serratia marcescens
Shigella Shigella boydii • Shigella dysenteriae • Shigella flexneri • Shigella sonnei
Vibrio Vibrio cholerae • Vibrio parahemolyticus
Yersinia Yersinia enterocolitica • Yersinia pestis • Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
microaerophilic
Campylobacter Campylobacter coli • Campylobacter fetus • Campylobacter jejuni
Helicobacter Helicobacter pylori
anaerobic
Bacteroides Bacteroides fragilis • Bacteroides vulgatus
Fusobacterium Fusobacterium necrophorum • Fusobacterium nucleatum • Fusobacterium stabile
Leptotricha Leptotricha buccalis
Mobiluncus Mobiluncus curtisii • Mobiluncus mulieris
Prevotella Prevotella melaninogenica
Porphyromonas Porphyromonas gingivalis
acid resistant
sticks
aerobic
Mycobacterium Atypical mycobacteria • Mycobacterium tuberculosis • Mycobacterium leprae
non-stainable G +/-
spiral
strictly aerobic
Leptospira Leptospira biflexa • Leptospira interrogans • Leptospira parva
microaerophilic
Borrelia Borrelia burgdorferi • Borrelia hermsi • Borrelia recurrentis • Borrelia vincenti
strictly anaerobic
Treponema Non-pathogenic treponems • Treponema carateum • Treponema pallidum • Treponema phagedenis • Treponema pertenue
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