The most common causes of morbidity and mortality in children

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Demographics and Statistics[edit | edit source]

  • 2006: approx. 2.2 million children in the Czech Republic (up to their 19th birthday)
  • number of newborn – 2018: 114,000, 2006: 105,831, 2004: 97,664, 2003: 93,685
  • infant mortality – 2018: 2.5 ‰, 2006: 3.3 ‰, 2003: 3.9 ‰
  • from the point of view of pediatricians, the demographic development is unfavorable (in 1993, 135,000 children were born)

Neonatal mortality (NI)[edit | edit source]

  • Total NICU = dead newborns (up to the 28th day of life)/ all live births
  • Early NICU = newborns who died before the 7th day of life/ all live births
  • Late NICU = deceased newborns from the 8th to the 28th day of life/ all live births
  • Stillbirth = stillbirths/all births
  • Perinatal mortality = sum of stillbirth and early neonatal mortality
  • Postneonatal mortality = proportion of children who died after 28 days to 1 year/ all live births
  • Infant mortality = sum of neonatal and post-neonatal mortality
    • number of children born alive who do not live to see their 1st birthday
    • for statistics - number of deaths per 1000 live births
    • decline in mortality in the 1950s (ATB therapy, introduction of vaccination)
    • in 1991 infant mortality 9 per thousand (historically the first drop below 10 per thousand)

Most common causes of death[edit | edit source]

under one year of age[edit | edit source]

  1. perinatal causes (premature babies, etc.) up to 50%
  2. congenital malformations, deformities, chromosomal abnormalities (25%)
  3. respiratory causes (5%)
  4. SIDS
  5. injuries and accidents
  6. infections and diseases of the circulatory system

1-4 years[edit | edit source]

  1. injuries
  2. congenital malformations, deformations, chromosomal abnormalities
  3. malignant tumors
  4. murders
  5. heart disorders

5-9 years[edit | edit source]

  1. injuries
  2. malignant tumors
  3. congenital malformations, deformations, chromosomal abnormalities
  4. murders
  5. heart disorders

10-19 years[edit | edit source]

  1. injuries
  2. suicides
  3. murders
  4. malignant tumors
  5. heart disorders

Morbidity (disease) of children and adolescents[edit | edit source]

  • increase in allergies – 108 allergy sufferers per 1,000 children under the age of 14 (+10 compared to 2001)
  • psychosocial, psychiatric problems - increase from preschool age
  • chronic diseases – a paradox associated with increased quality of care for serious diseases (management of previously incurable conditions), genetic factors combined with external ones (type 1 DM), new diagnosable and treatable diseases (hereditary metabolic disorders)
  • diseases of the locomotor system - especially in teenagers
  • nutrition disorders - all age categories
  • a new "morbidity" of adolescents - pregnancy: in 2003, 26 girls under the age of 15 and 909 girls under the age of 18 gave birth
  • at the JIRP clinic, about 80 poisonings per year, mainly alcohol for teenagers

Prevention[edit | edit source]

  • previously: vaccination, nutrition, hyg. habits
  • today: accident prevention, proper lifestyle (moving school, ...)

Links[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  • LEBL, Jan – PROVAZNÍK, Kamil – HEJCMANOVÁ, Ludmila. Preklinická pediatrie. 2. edition. Praha : Galén, 2007. ISBN 978-80-7262-438-6.
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