Rhabdomyosarcoma

From WikiLectures

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor arising from the striated muscle.

Etiology and epidemiology[edit | edit source]

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant mesechymal tumor in children (but it is rare compared to other childhood malignancies).

Pathology[edit | edit source]

Histologically, there are 4 basic subunits:

  • embryonic - includes sarcoma bothyroides;
  • alveolar;
  • pleomorphic;
  • mixed.
CT of the head without contrast - isodense mass without intracranial progression. It is a postauricular congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.

Location[edit | edit source]

  • head and neck are most often affected - 35%;
  • torso and limbs - 35%;
  • genitourinary area - 30%.

Metastasis[edit | edit source]

Tumors have a marked tendency to develop local recurrences. They metastasize early, both hematogenously and lymphogenically. Any authority can be affected.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Therapy[edit | edit source]

The combination of effective cytostatics has made it possible to dispense with radical, often mutilating surgical procedures.

  • chemotherapy - initial neoadjuvant treatment after biopsy;
  • surgery - after the tumor has shrunk, a definitive surgical procedure follows;
  • radiotherapy - the residue of the tumor and the affected lymph nodes must be treated with radiotherapy.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

It depends on the stage of the disease.

  • Localized forms - healing is possible up to 100%.
  • Metastatic spread - 40%.

Overall survival is reported to be 70%.

Links[edit | edit source]

Related articles[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]