Osteoarthritis - surgical treatment
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- We proceed to surgical treatment if conservative treatment fails, the patient cooperates and there is no contraindication to this procedure.
- Basic types of operations
- corrective osteotomy – cutting the bone and aligning its axis;
- arthrodesis – immobilization of the joint by surface resection and fusion;
- alloplastic
More details to alloplastic you can find in Total endoprosthesis of the knee joint and Artificial replacement of the hip joint.
Surgical treatment of gonarthrosis[edit | edit source]
- They are all symptomatic procedures.
- Arthroscopic lavage
- removal of small fragments of cartilage that release inflammatory mediators will alleviate the difficulties in the short term.
- Shaving
- arthroscopic treatment of cartilage defects, where parts that cause mechanical difficulties or can become loose are removed.
- Debridement
- arthroscopic removal of loose bodies, damaged parts of cartilage, menisci, osteophytes,...
- Synovectomy
- oremoval of the hypertrophic inflammatory synovial membrane.
- Corrective osteotomy
- when only one compartment of the joint is affected, associated with valgozitis or varozitis;
- we cut the bone and let the parts fuse together, the effect usually lasts for many years;
- increases the risks of later endoprosthesis implantation;
- good to perform as close as possible to the joint, where there is spongiosis, which heals better − on the tibia just above the tuberosity, on the femur above the epicondyles;
- many types, most often wedge-shaped osteotomies;
- we fix the new position with osteosyntesis.
- Artrodesis
- an alternative to total endoprosthesis in very severe gonarthrosis with significant surface defects, the bones are allowed to fuse together in a physiological valgus position and in a flexion of 5-10°.
- the function will also allow you to drive a car,...
Surgical treatment of coxarthrosis[edit | edit source]
- Osteotomy
- it is based on a mechanical concept of disease pathogenesis;
- many types, varisation and valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy.
- Arthrodesis
- in the time before alloplasty it was a very good method;
- enables stable and painless standing and walking.
Links[edit | edit source]
Related Articles[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
- BENEŠ, Jiří. Studijní materiály [online]. Jiří Beneš, ©2012. [cit. 16.2. 2012]. <http://jirben2.chytrak.cz/materialy/orto,trauma_jb.doc>.
