Bacterial Gastroenteritis
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The bacterial diarrhoeal diseases include (in order of frequency of occurrence in the Czech Republic)[1]:
- Campylobacter enteritis (caused by: Campylobacter).
- Salmonella Enteritis ( caused by: Salmonella enteritidis, typhimurium).
- Shigellosis (caused by: Shigella dysenteriae, flexneri, boydii, sonnei).
- Typhoid fever (caused by: Salmonella typhi).
- Paratyfus (caused by: Salmonella paratyphi).
- Cholera (caused by: Vibrio cholerae).
Campylobacter enteritis[edit | edit source]
For more information see Kampylobakterová enteritida.- agent: Campylobacter jejuni (gram-negative rods),
- reservoir: pets, infected people,
- transmission: contaminated food (meat),
- incubation period: 2–7 days,
- clinical presentation: fever, fatigue, muscle aches, watery diarrhea, sometimes with blood, convulsive abdominal pain,
- diagnosis: stool cultivation on special soils,
- treatment: symptomatic, event. macrolides,
- complications: post-infectious arthritis; exceptionally organ involvement (hematogenous spread).[2][3]
Salmonella enteritis[edit | edit source]
For more information see Salmonella enteritis.- or non- typhoid salmonellosis,
- agent: Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium (gram-negative rods),
- reservoir: cattle, pigs, chickens,
- transmission: contaminated food (eggs, meat, milk) and drinking water,
- infectious dose: high,
- incubation period: 10–12 hours,
- clinical presentation: vomiting, watery to green stools, abdominal pain, fever, headache, general weakness,
- diagnosis: stool cultivation,
- treatment: symptomatic, event. fluoroquinolones (adults only),
- complications: septicemia, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, soft tissue abscesses.[2][3]
Typhoid fever[edit | edit source]
For more information see Břišní tyfus.- agent: Salmonella typhi (Gram-negative rod),
- reservoir: human,
- transmission: in contact with the patient or bacillus carrier,
- incubation period: about 2 weeks,
- clinical presentation: creeping onset; fever, fatigue, headache, swelling of the tongue with a whitish or brownish coating, bloody diarrhea or constipation, then stool-like pea, splenomegaly, impaired consciousness, redness of the abdomen, alterations in general condition,
- diagnosis: stool cultivation,
- treatment: symptomatic (rehydration, correction of the internal environment) and antibiotic (ampicillin or cotrimoxazole),
- prevention: vaccination before travel to risk areas.[3]
Shigellosis[edit | edit source]
For more information see Shigellosis.- or bacillary dysentery,
- Agent: Shigella sonnei (most common in the Czech Republic), Sh. flexneri, Sh. dysenteriae, Sh. boydii (gram-negative),
- reservoir: human (sick or bacillus carrier),
- transmission: hands contaminated with stool,
- infectious dose: very low,
- incubation period: 3 days,
- clinical presentation: fever, abdominal pain, tenezms, watery stools with mucus and veins of blood (acute ulcerative colitis),
- diagnosis: stool cultivation,
- treatent: symptomatic, event. cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, fluoroquinolones in adults (ATB suitable only in the first days of the disease); isolation,
- complications: perforation of the large intestine; meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, otitis, pneumonia, phlebitis.[2][3]
Links[edit | edit source]
Realted articles[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ http://www.szu.cz/publikace/data/vybrane-infekcni-nemoci-v-cr-v-letech-1998-2007-absolutne
- ↑ a b c HRODEK, Otto – VAVŘINEC, Jan, et al. Pediatrie. 1. edition. Praha : Galén, 2002. pp. 607-609. ISBN 80-7262-178-5.
- ↑ a b c d MUNTAU, Ania Carolina. Pediatrie. 4. edition. Praha : Grada, 2009. pp. 166-169. ISBN 978-80-247-2525-3.
