Sports injuries

Injury is an external event that affects the organism suddenly or for a relatively short time and damages it.

Division of accidents

Injuries arising during recreational physical activity of a spontaneous nature

  • Excursions, walks;
  • recreational games;
  • cycling;
  • skiing;
  • skateboard, roller skates.

Injuries arising from organized forms of physical education and sports

During non-competitive forms of exercise

  • school TV
  • activities in fitness centers
  • during systematic training

During top-level sports activities

  • this includes both competitive and non-competitive sports activities of the highest level
  • individual competitive sports (athletics, swimming, cycling, skiing,...)
  • mountain climbing

During other sports activities

  • motoring
  • parachuting
  • sport shooting

Injuries of a general nature

  • these are injuries that occur in all human activities

Injuries typical for individual sports activities

  • the risks of basic movement manifestations and connections are reflected here

Causes of injuries

Fault of the other person

  • an injury caused by a collision or the mere presence of another person

Climatic conditions

  • temperature
  • humidity

Other external factors

  • noise
  • lighting

Gear and armament

  • protective equipment
  • clothes
  • sports equipment

Exercise area surface

  • hardness
  • flexibility
  • inequalities
  • non-slip

Insufficient or incorrect preparation

  • errors in the warm-up or in the training process

Practitioner's own carelessness and indiscipline

  • a relatively common cause
  • non-compliance
    • rules
    • methodology
    • life management
  • overestimation of own performance

Fatigue

Injury mechanism

Unintended crash caused by

  • second person
  • terrain
  • not being able to control one's own movement

Strike (injured is passive)

  • second person
  • moving tools

Crash into an obstacle (injured is active)

Collision (both active)

Wanted Fall

Injury prevention

  • the state of the organism should always be correlated with the expected load, the organism should be adapted = trained
  • high-quality equipment and weapons
  • knowledge and security of the environment
  • warm-up
  • compensatory exercise (mainly prevents chronic overload and microtrauma)
  • checking pulse rate, blood pressure and athlete's weight
  • complete healing of the injury


Used literatury

  • MÁČEK, Miloš a Jiří RADVANSKÝ. Fyziologie a klinické aspekty pohybové aktivity. 1. vydání. Praha : Galén, 2010. 300 s. ISBN 9788072626953.