Odontogenic tumors

Odontogenic tumors are tumors arising from the dental lamina or its derivatives.

They make up only 1% of oral cavity tumors.

Odontogenic tumors are divided into epithelial, mesenchymal, and mixed.

Epithelial odontogenic tumors

Ameloblastoma

Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumor. It is usually benign but often recurs. It is a cystic poorly circumscribed mass. It grows destructively.

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor

The so-called Pindborg tumor
slow, locally invasive growth
localization in the molar and premolar region (mandible)
arises in connection with a routinized tooth
usually no problems, just a painless swelling of the jaw
on X-ray as cystic clearing
formation of eosinophilic hyaline amyloid-like spherical formations that may calcify
tumor cells connected by IC bridges, folding into beams
polymorphic cores
recurrences with incomplete removal

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

affects young individuals (up to 20 years)
more often in the maxilla
it is made up of polyhedral epithelial cells, which in some places differentiate into cylindrical cells

Squamous odontogenic tumor

Mesenchymal odontogenic tumors

These are cementomas . They arise from cementoblasts. They are characterized by the presence of islands of cement in fibrous structures.

We divide them into four types:

real cement
cementing fibroma,
gigantiform cement,
periapical cemental dysplasia.

Mixed odontogenic tumors

Mixed odontogenic tumors contain both epithelial and mesenchymal components.

Ameloblastic fibroma

benign, rare
grows slowly, enlarges the jaw (more often the mandible)
frequent occurrence in the landscape of canines and molars
grows centrally in the bone , grows expansively (the cortex often disappears completely)
sometimes relapses
on X-ray it looks like a circumscribed clearing
formed by proliferating epithelium, surrounded by mesenchymal tissue

Odontom

Links

References

LIŠKA, Karel. Orofacial pathology. 1st edition. Prague: Avicenum, 1983. 159 p.