Leukocytes

Leukocytes

Definition and classification

Leukocytosis is an ‘Increased number of ‘ leucocytes in a person's blood. It can be caused by a reactive (secondary) or malignant cause. According to the type of leukocyte, we recognize the following types of white line defects, which are also the causes of leukocytosis:

• Neutrophilia – increase in the absolute number of Neutrophils in the peripheral blood above the limit of 7,5 × 10⁹/l.
• Lymphocytosis – an increase in the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood above the limit of 4,5 × 10⁹/l.
• Basophilia – Increase in the number of Basophils in the peripheral blood above the limit of 0,1 × 10⁹/l.
• Monocytosis – increase in the number of Monocytes in the peripheral blood above the limit of 0,8 × 10⁹/l.
• Eosinophils – increase in the number of Eosinophils in the peripheral blood above the limit of 0,25 × 10⁹/l.

The causes of leukocytosis

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Neutrophilia

Neutrophilia can be caused by a number of causes. These causes include:

• infections (bacterial, fungal, spirochetes and others),
• Inflammation (vasculitis and others),
• Physical exertion, pregnancy,
• Severe Metabolic acidosis (Diabetic ketoacidosis),

• Smoking.

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Lymphocytosis

Lymphocytosis is usually caused by an acute Viral infection or a chronic infection. Other various causes include:

• malignancies (leukemia and lymphoma),
• injuries,
• excessive physical activity,
• stress lymphocytosis (after myocardial infarction or in adrenaline lymphocytosis).

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Basophilia

Most causes of basophilia are life-threatening, so early diagnosis and subsequent rapid treatment are important. These causes include:

• inflammatory disease (ulcerózní kolitida and others),
• Drugs (eg estrogens and others),
• irradiation,
• Hyperlipidemia.

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Monocytosis

The causes of monocytosis also usually include life-threatening conditions, early diagnosis and subsequent rapid treatment is important. Such causes include:

• Infections (malaria, Trypanosominasis),
• Tuberculosis,
• Typhoid fever,

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• Hodgkin´s lymphoma,
• hemolytic anemia.

Eosinophilia

Eosinophilia can be caused by:

• allergic reaction,

• Parasitic disease,
• Condition after infectious mononucleosis.

Diagnosis

Leukocytosis is detected by a differential blood test

References

Related articles

• Neutropenia
• Lymphocytopenia
• Leukopenia

External links

• Changes in the blood counts and hemocoagulation during pregnancy

References

• DZÚRIK, Rastislav. Štandardné terapeutické postupy. 1. vydání. Martin : Osveta, 1997. ISBN 80-217-0465-9.

• DOBROTOVÁ, Miroslava, et al. Hematológia a transfuziológia :  učebnica. 1. vydání. Praha : Grada ; Bratislava : Grada Slovakia, 2006. ISBN 80-8090-000-0.