Inflammation of the mediastinum
This article has been translated from WikiSkripta; ready for the editor's review.
Acute mediastinitis
Acute mediastinal inflammation is a serious disease with high lethality (approximately 50%).
- Usually as a result of esophageal perforation (endoscopic procedures, tumors), rarely complications of pneumonia / mediastinal inflammation (or lung abscess, empyema) or as a complication of maxillary inflammation.
Clinical picture
- Retrosternal fever
- Esophageal perforation dysphagia + subcutaneous emphysema
- X-ray: extension of mediastinum, ev. with pleural effusion + mediastinal emphysema.
Therapy
- ATB iv, mediastinal drainage.
Chronic mediastinitis
Chronic mediastinal inflammation is a granulomatous, fibrous process of mostly unclear etiology. The incidence of this disease is rare.
Anatomy of mediastinum
Clinical picture
- In the beginning without difficulty,
- Later upper vena cava syndrome, esophageal + tracheobronchial tree stenosis ,
- X- ray: enlargement of the upper mediastinum, rarely calcification.
Therapy Surgical removal of mechanical oppression, glucocorticoids.
Links
Related articles
References
- CHILD, Petr, et al. Internal Medicine. 2nd edition. Prague: Galén, 2007. ISBN 978-80-7262-496-6.
