Cystoscopy

From WikiLectures

Top left - bladder wall, top right - cystoscope entrance from the urethra to the bladder, bottom images show an inflamed urethra.

Cystoscopy is an endoscopic examination, that allows you to observe the mucosa and the contents of the urinary tract, urinary bladder and ureters. The examination itself is performed under general anesthesia using a cystoscope.

The cystoscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. It also enables some medical procedures, for example in the case of urinary bladder polyps, when the polyps are coagulated with the help of "L" hook and thus removed. Or also for urinary stones, where it is possible to perform their extraction.

The principle of the examination lies in the optics, located in the cystoscope. The principle is the same as when examining other organs – the knee at arthroscopy, the upper part of the GIT during gastroscopy, or eg the uterus during hysteroscopy.

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