Breathing and its disorders
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Types of Breathing
In men – abdominal type, movements of the diaphragm with rhythmic arching and descent of the abdominal wall.
In women – costal type, raising and lowering of the ribs.
- Eupnoea - normal, relaxed breathing, 15-20 breaths/min.
- Tachypnoea - rapid breathing.
- Bradypnoea - slow breathing.
- Hyperpnea - deepened breathing.
- Apnoea - temporary cessation of breathing.
- Dyspnoea - labored breathing using the auxiliary respiratory muscles.
- Cheyne-Stokes breathing - individual breaths gradually deepen and at the same time their frequency increases, after reaching the maximum, the depth of breath and frequency gradually decrease until [[Apnoeic pause|apnoeic pause] ]. Then the whole cycle repeats itself. It is most easily caught while unconscious or sleep. It occurs, for example, in heart failure, uremia, severe pneumonia.
- Biot's breathing - breathing waves of varying depth alternate irregularly with apneic pauses - meningitis, encephalitis.
- Kussmaul breathing - deep and rapid breathing - diabetic coma.
- other breathing disorders - wheezing, breathing with prolonged expiration.
