Acute and transient psychotic disorder and schizotypal disorder

Definition of psychosis

• describes an altered touch with reality (what is real? what not?)
• can have psychiatric causes (e.g. schizophrenia), organic causes (e.g. tumor) or be due to intoxication (e.g. LSD)

ICD-10: Acute and transient psychotic disorder F23

ICD-10 Criteria for acute and transient psychotic disorders

• Begin acutely
• polymorphic symptoms: quickly changing
• presence of typical schizophrenic symptoms

Subtypes according to the ICD-10

• acute polymorphic psychotic disorder with or without schizophrenia
• Acute schizophrenia-like psychotic disorder
• Other acute predominantly delusional psychotic disorders
  • comparatively stable delusions or hallucinations
  • delusions of persecution or reference
  • for less than 3 months (i.e. not persistent delusional disorder)
  • Paranoid reaction, psychosis

DSM-V: Brief psychotic disorder

• Is essentially the same as F23 (just much easier and more logical)
• Psychosis present for 1 day to 1 month : schizophrenic symptoms

Schizotypal disorder ( a schizophrenia spectrum disorder)

• Diagnostics  : according to the DSM-5
  • At least 5 of the following criteria have to be met:
    • Odd and eccentric behavior or physical appearance
    • Magical thinking: the invention of causal relationships between behaviors and events that is inconsistent with an individual's cultural norms (e.g., believing that thoughts are able to control reality)
    • Social awkwardness
    • Excessive social anxiety
    • Ideas of reference
    • Unusual perceptual experiences (e.g., body illusions)
    • Bizarre thinking/speech (e.g., metaphorical, overelaborate)
    • Paranoia and suspicion of others
    • Constricted affect
    • Few or no close friends
    • Social anxiety and preference for social isolation because of paranoia

Links

• Psychosis
• Schizophrenia