Rhinoviruses
| Rhinovirus
Picornaviridae
Source human Transmission droplets, close personal contact Occurrence cosmopolitan Incubation time 20 - 48 hours Disease respiratory system Diagnostics PCR from nasal secretion, culture on human fibroblasts Therapy symptom therapy, there is no specific treatment, the need to pay attention to hand and surroundings hygiene |
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Rhinoviruses (from Greek, rhis = nose) belong to the family Picornaviridae. These are non-enveloped ssRNA viruses of positive polarity. They are among the most common human viruses and cause diseases such as infectious rhinitis. Rhinoviruses are most prevalent in spring and autumn, affecting individuals of all ages.
Characteristics
Due to its acidolability, the virus is unable to multiply in the digestive system and requires a low temperature (33 ° C) to replicate, which is achieved on the nasal mucosa. Rhinoviruses are also environmentally resistant, detergent-resistant and can survive on a variety of subjects for up to hours.
Pathogenesis
The virus spreads through respiratory droplets or contact with a contaminated object. It enters the body through the nasal cavity, mouth or conjunctiva, most of which multiplies in the nasal mucosa. Infected cells release inflammatory mediators, which cause swelling of the mucosa, which results in the patient feeling a stuffy nose.
Immunity
Transient - mucosal IgA is formed within a week, but disappears within a year and a half.
Another disease caused by rhinoviruses
- bronchitis and lung inflammation in children and the elderly
- sinusitis and otitis media,
- worsening of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.
Resources
External links
Rhinovirus
References
HURYCH, Jakub and Roman ŠTÍCHA, et al. Medical Microbiology - Repetitorium [online]. first edition. 2020. pp. 219,220. Also available from <http://www.mediciboni.cz/mikrobiologie/>. ISBN 978-80-7553-844-4.
