Parasympathomimetics

General properties

Parasympathomimetics mimic the effects that arise from irritation of the parasympathetic system. They are substances that act on three types of muscarinic receptors (M-receptors). Their effect is similar to acetylcholine. We can therefore also call them synergists of acetylcholine on M receptors. Most parasympathomimetics are non-selective substances that can be used in the therapy of certain diseases.

Types of parasympathomimetics

Parasympathomimetics can be divided into two large groups:

  1. Direct parasympathomimetics – directly acting, stimulate M receptors
  2. Indirect parasympathomimetics - acting indirectly, they block ACHE (acetylcholinesterase) and thereby increase the amount of neurotransmitter (ACH).

Effects

PSMs have the most pronounced effects in the area of ​​smooth muscle. They are used to increase the tone and motility of the GIT. Indirectly acting PSMs improve the condition in myasthenia gravis.

Adverse effects

Adverse effects such as diarrhea , vomiting , nausea , stomach cramps, sweating, miosis, increased salivation may occur.

Contraindications

Do not use in case of obstruction of the urinary tract.

References

  • HYNIE, Sixtus. Farmakologie v kostce. 2. edition. Triton, 2001. ISBN 80-7254-181-1.