Overactive bladder
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a set of symptoms that includes urinary urgency, pollakiuria nocturia. urgency incontinence with complete involuntary leakage of urine may be present (about 1/3 of cases), but is not a condition of OAB. Without incontinence it is sometimes referred to as a dry overactive bladder, with incontinence a wet overactive bladder.
Emergency[edit | edit source]
Imperative urination, urgent urination or urgency is a compulsion to urinate that forces the patient to comply immediately. In contrast to the physiological compulsion to urinate (urge), the intensity of which increases smoothly and slowly, the intensity of the urgency increases suddenly, in leaps and bounds.
Polakisuria[edit | edit source]
Polakisuria (eng. frequency) is defined in this case as urinating 8x or more times a day. (Assumes normal fluid intake, etc.)
Nocturia[edit | edit source]
Nocturia in this case is defined as urinating at least once during the night, due to which the patient wakes up and has to get up. It does not include cases where the patient is awakened for another reason and during this happens to go to the toilet.
OAB risk factors:[edit | edit source]
- age,
- obesity,
- repeated inflammation of the lower urinary tract (DCM),
- depression (reduced serotonin).
The Impact of OAB is occupational, social, psychological, sexual and physical.
Investigative methods:[edit | edit source]
- anamnesis (Gaudenza questionnaire),
- physical examination and clinical tests (G-tip test, stress test, PWT, LPP),
- imaging examination,
- laboratory examination,
- urodynamic examination methods (Filling cystometry, Profilometry, Uroflowmetry).
Treatment[edit | edit source]
- Modification of lifestyle and drinking regime,
- Drug therapy:
anticholinergics - Trospium (Spasmed), Solifenacin (Vesicare),
β3 - agonists Betmiga (Mirabegron)
Unfortunately, anticholinergics have side effects. These include dry mouth, constipation and blurred vision. If patients are troubled by these NUs, they use "β3, agonists", which have fewer side effects.
- electrostimulation,
- surgical therapy.
Related Articles[edit | edit source]
External resources[edit | edit source]
Bladder Health - What is Overactive Bladder? - YouTube video explanation (English)
Recommended reading[edit | edit source]
- MARTAN, Alois. Urinary incontinence in women and its medical treatment : attending physician's guide. 2. edition. Prague : Maxdorf, 2006. 83 pp. ISBN 80-7345-094-1.
- MARTAN, Alois. Treatment of urinary incontinence [online]. [cit. 2017-11-06]. <https://el.lf1.cuni.cz/martan1-2015?account-id=7&principal-id=9694172&session=breez2b4a9qgngdxh7xdf>.
