Occipital arteritis

thumb|200px|Takayasuova arteritida thumb|right|200px|Takayasuova arteritida u 18-ti měsíčního dítěte manifestující se mozkovým aneuryzmatem Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic vasculitis of unknown etiology affecting mainly the aorta , its main branches and pulmonary arteries. Damage to the vessel wall leads to stenoses, blockages and the formation of aneurysms . It occurs mainly in women under 40 years of age, the endemic area is Southeast Asia. This disease was first described by the Japanese ophthalmologist Mikito Takayasu.

Clinical picture

The disease typically occurs in 2 phases:

1. nonspecific phase (systemic): fever, weight loss, fatigue, weakness, myalgia, arthralgia, Raynaud's phenomenon , recurrent infection, recurrent iritis;
2. specific phase (vascular occlusive): systolic murmurs , absence of peripheral pulsations, signs of ischemia of affected areas, hypertension , cardiomyopathy , aortic valve involvement, etc.

Diagnostics

Physical examination

• weakening of the pulse / murmur over the large arteries, different values ​​of blood pressure in the upper limbs.

Laboratory

• ↑ CRP + FW , anemia with leukocytosis.

Display methods

• USG, aortography, angiography, CT-angio, MRI (segmental narrowing of large arteries / microaneurysms of the vessel wall).

Treatment

Treatment is based on the administration of corticosteroids . In unresponsive patients, corticosteroids are combined with immunosuppressants (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, azathioprine). Proper correction of hypertension and symptomatic treatment are also essential. We treat stenoses and closures using PTA or surgery.

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Související články

• Systémové vaskulitidy
• Angioinvazivní léčba tepenných uzávěrů a stenóz
• Obrovskobuněčná arteriitis