Nomenclature of inorganic sulfur compounds
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Simple oxyacids of sulfur and their salts[edit | edit source]
| acid | summary formula | structural pattern | salt | older and trivial names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sulphuric acid | H2SO3 | File:Sulphuric acid.png | sulfite | |
| sulfuric acid | H2SO4 | File:Sulphuric acid.png | sulfate | vitriol |
Peroxyacids and their salts[edit | edit source]
Peroxyacids have a peroxo group -O-O- instead of -O- oxygen in the molecule.
| acid | summary formula | structural pattern | salt | older and trivial names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| peroxysulfuric acid | H2SO5 | File:Peroxysulphuric acid.png | peroxysulfate | |
| peroxodisulfuric acid | H2S2O8 | File:Peroxodisulfuric acid.png | peroxodisulphate | persulphuric acid, persulphate |
Polyacids and their salts[edit | edit source]
Polyacids are theoretically formed by removing water from two molecules of a simple oxoacid (which is why they used to be called ``pyro acids).
| acid | summary formula | structural pattern | salt | older and trivial names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sulfuric acid | H2S2O5 | disulfite | pyrosulfuric, disulphurous acid; pyrosulfite, bisulfite | |
| disulfuric acid | H2S2O7 | File:Disulfuric acid.png | disulfide | pyrosulfuric acid, disulphurous; pyrosulfate, bisulfate |
| peroxodisulfuric acid | H2S2O8 | File:Peroxodisulfuric acid.png | peroxodisulphate | persulphuric acid, persulphate |
Thioacids and their salts[edit | edit source]
Thioacids are theoretically formed by replacing oxygen -O- in oxyacid with sulfur -S-:
- H2SO4 sulfuric acid – H2S2O3 thiosulfuric acid.
| acid | summary formula | structural pattern | salt | older and trivial names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| thiosulfuric acid | H2S2O3 | File:Thiosulfuric acid.png | thiosulfate | |
| thiocyanate acid | HSCN | File:Thiocyanic acid.png | thiocyanate | "rhodanic acid, rhodanide" |
Dithionic acid, thionic acids and their salts[edit | edit source]
These compounds contain a chain of several covalently linked sulfur atoms.
| acid | summary formula | structural pattern | salt | older and trivial names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dithionic acid | H2S2O4 | File:Dithionic acid.png | dithionite | |
| dithionic acid | H2S2O6 | File:Dithionic acid.png | dithionan | |
| trithionic acid | H2S3O6 | File:Trithionic acid.png | trithionan | |
| tetra-, penta-, hexathionic acid | H2SnO6 | File:Thionic acids.png | tetra-, penta-, hexathione |
Hydrogen sulfide and sulfides[edit | edit source]
From hydrogen sulfide H2S is derived the oxygen-free hydrogen sulfide with the same formula. Its salts are sulphides. Sulfur can also form polysulfides, e.g. FeS2 iron disulfide (pyrite).
Links[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- HIRŠOVÁ, Danuše. Chemical Nomenclature. Basic rules of Czech, traditional Latin and international Latin pharmacopoeial nomenclature. 2. edition. Prague : Charles University in Prague, Karolinum Publishers, 2004. ISBN 80-246-0761-1.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. The PubChem Project. PubChem Compound [online]. [cit. 2009]. <https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/>.
