Histology MCQs/Urinary System

Drinking regime...

1

Which vessel leaves the glomerulus (vas efferens)?

Arteriole
Artery
Venule
Vein

2

Which structure is associated with vasa recta?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Glomerulus

3

Where take place the podocytes?

In the space between sheets of Bowman's capsule
In the inner sheet of Bowman's capsule only
In the outer sheet of Bowman's capsule only
In both sheets of Bowman's capsule

4

Where takes place the nephrin?

Close to the nucleus of epithelial cells of proximal tubules
On basolateral pole of epithelial cells of proximal tubules
Close to the nucleus of podocytes
Between processes of podocytes

5

Which type of capillaries is inside the glomerulus?

With endothelium without fenestrations and with discontinuous basement membrane
With endothelium without fenestrations and with continuous basement membrane
With fenestrated endothelium and with discontinuous basement membrane
With fenestrated endothelium and with continuous basement membrane

6

What is main biophysical mechanism behind production of the primary urine?

Active transportation
Filtration
Diffusion
Osmosis

7

Which of following statements about the primary urine is not true?

Concentration of albumin in primary urine is similar to concentration in blood
Daily production of primary urine is about 120 liters
Primary urine can contain glucose physiologically
Primary urine is an isotonic fluid

8

Which of following statements about the epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubule is not true?

Cells contain abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum
Cells contain numerous mitochondria
Cells have basal labyrinth
Cells have brush border

9

Which part of nephron is part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Connecting duct
Collecting duct

10

Which vessel is part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Arteria arcuata
Vas afferens
Vas efferens
Vas rectum

11

What is main function of the aquaporin?

It is a membrane protein preventing trascellular leak of water
It is a membrane receptor of water potential
It is a membrane chanel for water
It is an transcription factor

12

What is main function of the intercalated cells in collecting ducts?

Acid-base balance (pH of inner environment)
Regulation of secretion of potassium
Regulation of secretion of natrium
Regulation of secretion of water

13

Urine in the urinary bladder (resulting urine) is described as hypertoni- What does it mean?

Urine has higher concetration of osmotically active particles that blood plasma
Urine has lower concetration of osmotically active particles that blood plasma
Osmotic pressure of urine is higher than atmospheric pressure
Osmotic pressure of urine is lower than atmospheric pressure

14

What is not true about the umbrella cells (facet cells)?

Cell membrane of their apical pole is asymmetric
They have numerous junctional complexes
Their mitotic activity is high
They have usually two nuclei

15

What is a uroplakin?

Transmembrane protein on apical pole of umbrella cells (facet cells)
Transmembrane protein on basal pole of umbrella cells (facet cells)
Cytoplasmic protein inside umbrella cells (facet cells)
Intranuclear protein of umbrella cells (facet cells)

16

What is true about the detrusor muscle?

Detrusor muscle is name of striated muscle adjacent to the wall of the urinary bladder
Detrusor muscle is name of smooth muscle adjacent to the wall of the urinary bladder
Detrusor muscle is name of striated muscle inside the wall of the urinary bladder
Detrusor muscle is name of smooth muscle inside the wall of the urinary bladder

17

How depends appearance of the umbrella cells (facet cells) on the content of the urinary bladder?

Shape of the cells does not depend on the volume of urine inside the bladder
During emptying of the bladder, the cells oscillate
If the bladder is empty, the cells are flattened
If the bladder is full, the cells are flattened

18

Which type of epithelium is inside the ureter?

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Transitional epithelium (urothelium)
Stratified squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium

19

Which epithelium is main epithelium of the male uretra inside the navicular fossa?

Simple stratified non-keratinizing epithelium
Urothelium (transitional epithelium)
Stratified columnar epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium

20

What is true about external sphincter muscle (of urethra)?

It is composed of smooth muscle in men and of striated muscle in women
It is composed of smooth muscle in women and of striated muscle in men
It is composed of striated muscle in both men and women
It is composed of smooth muscle in both men and women