Histology MCQs/Cell (2026/27)

1

A biological membrane is composed of several types of molecules. Which of those molecules is mainly responsible for the lipophilic environment inside the membrane?

cholesterol
phospholipids
integral proteins
oligosaccharides

2

What is called the current model of a cell membrane, which describes its structure and behavior?

fluid mozaic model
paucimolecular model
SIRS model
Hodgkin-Huxley model

3

Which molecules can pass a cell membrane by simple diffusion is a sufficient amount?

water
sodium and potassium
small proteins
oxygen and carbon dioxide

4

Which molecule is usually an immediate source of energy for active transportation?

NADPH
ATP
glucose
GTP

5

Which cell organelle contains circular DNA?

cell nucleus
mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
peroxisomes

6

Which part of the mitochondria does contain enzymes of the respiratory chain?

outer mitochondrial membrane
intermembranous space
inner mitochondrial membrane
mitochondrial matrix

7

Which cell organelle is responsible for the main part of a post-translational modification of proteins?

rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
peroxisomes

8

What is the pH inside a lysosome?

low
neutral
high
it depends on a processed material

9

Accumulation of ribosomes affects the stainability of the region of cytoplasm. How is the stainablility of the cytoplasm rich on ribosomes?

it is basophilic
it is eosinophilic
it is weekly stained
it is metachromatic

10

How is called the RNA transfering the information about the newly formed protein from the nucleus to the ribosome?

rRNA
mRNA
tRNA
snRNA

11

Which type of cytoskeleton needs an organizig center from which all fiber grows?

microfilaments
mikrotubules
actin filaments
intermediate filaments

12

Free actin molecules are called G actin. How are called actin molecules embedded into microfilaments?

M actin
F actin
L actin
μ actin

13

What is the main function of dynein?

dynein is a motor protein moving toward the + end of a microtubule
dynein is a motor protein moving toward the - end of a microtubule
dynein is a motor protein moving toward the + end of a microfilament
dynein is a motor protein moving toward the - end of a microfilament

14

Which type of cytoskeleton can be associated with desmosomes?

mikrotubules
mikrofilaments
intermediate filaments
cytokeratin filaments

15

Paclitaxel (Taxol) is a cytostatic drug belonging to taxans. It can be used for treatment of cancers of, e.g., the breast or prostate. Paclitaxel is toxic for dividing cells. Mechanism of action is interaction with the cytoskeleton. Use your knowledge and above-mentioned information and decide which protein is affected by paclitaxel.

myosin II
β tubulin
lamin A/C
desmin