Histology MCQs/Cardiovascular System

File:Histopathology of macrophages and lymphocyte infiltration with early removal of necrotic debris in myocardial infarction.jpg

This is myocardial infarction. Don't worry, myocardial infarction is topic for 3rd year.

1 All but one of following cell addhesions are common in the intercalated disck. Which is not common?

	Zonula occludens
	Fascia adherens
	Gap junction
	Desmosome

2 All but one of following vessels does not contain valves. Which one does contain valves?

	Great saphenous vein
	Inferior vena cava
	Renal artery
	Azygos vein

3 Are there valves in lymphatic vessels?

	Yes, they are
	Yes, they are, but in the thoracic duct only
	Yes, they can be here, but as an anatomical variant only
	No, they are not

4 Arteries of elastic type are mainly: (i.e., "Which arteries are arteries of elastic type?")

	The biggest arterioles, usually without anatomical name
	In our species, all arteries are of elastic type
	Middle-sized arteries, e.g. radial artery
	The biggest arteries, mainly aorta

5 'Arteries of muscular type are mainly:

	The biggest arterioles, usually without anatomical name
	In our species, all arteries are of muscular type
	Middle-sized arteries, e.g. radial artery
	The biggest arteries, mainly aorta

6 Of which cells is composed conducting system of the heart?

	Cells which are similar to cardiac muscle cells, but they originated in the neural crest
	Cells which are similar to bipolar neurons, but they are of mesenchymal origin
	Modified cardiac muscle cells
	Modified smooth muscle cells

7 Do cardiac muscle cells produce some hormones?

	Yes, for example the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)
	Yes, for example the erythropoietin (EPO)
	Yes, for example the trombopoietin (TPO)
	No, they don't produce hormones

8 Does tunica adventitia of big veins contain elastic fibers?

	Yes, it does
	No, it does not
	Yes, it does, but in cavae veins only
	Yes, it does, but as an anatomical variant only

9 How big are cells of conducting system of the heart?

	They are of roughly of the same size in all parts of the conducting system
	It depends on the site, the biggest cells are in the Purkyně's fibers
	It depends on the site, the biggest cells are in the sinoatrial node
	It depends on the site, the biggest cells are in the bundle of His

10 How does look the basement membrane of lymphatic capillaries?

	It is continuous and well developed
	It is continuous, but very thin
	It is discontinouos
	It does not exist

11 How many elastic membranes are in the tunica media of aorta?

	Usually around 10
	Usually around 50
	Usually around 100
	Usually around 500

12 How to describe the shape of the cardiac muscle cell?

	Cardiac muscle cell is of cylindrical shape, but can have branches
	Cardiac muscle cell is a fiber with several nuclei
	Cardiac muscle cell is irregular star-shaped
	Cardiac muscle cell is spindle-shaped

13 It is possible that damaged myocardium of adult fully regenerates (undergoes restitutio ad integrum)?

	Yes, it is possible
	Yes, it is possible, but only myocardium of ventricles has this ability
	Yes, it is possible, but only some people have this ability
	No, it is not possible

14 Main cells of tunica media of majority of vessels are:

	Longitudinally arranged striated muscle cells
	Longitudinally arranged smooth muscle cells
	Circularly arranged striated muscle cells
	Circularly arranged smooth muscle cells

15 Which is main tissue of the cardiac skeleton?

	There is no structure called "cardiac skeleton"
	Dense connective tissue
	Hyaline cartilage
	Fibrocartilage

16 The innermost layer of the heart is called:

	Endocardium
	Pericardium
	Epicardium
	Myocardium

17 What is an angiongenesis?

	Budding if new vessels from existing vessels under pathological condition only
	Budding of new vessels from existing vessels during development or adulthood
	Abnormal differentiation of new vessels during the embryonic development
	Differentiation of new vessels durign embryonic development

18 What does it means that endothelial cells have ability to perform transcytosis? (i.e., "What is a transcytosis?")

	Organelles of endothelial cells are shared, especially mitochondria are shared intensively and travel from a cell to a cell
	They allow to white blood cells cross to leave the blood not only inbetween endothelial cells, but alsou through the cells
	They transport compounds throuhg the cytoplasm from one side of the cell to the second side inside endocytic vesilces
	Molecular pattern on the blood surface is dynamic and depends strongly on processes in deeper layers of the vessel

19 What is main function of carotid sinus?

	Receptor of the oxygen partial pressure of oxygen
	Receptor of the carbon dioxide partial pressure
	Receptor of the blood pressure
	Receptor of the blood pH

20 What are Weibel-Palade bodies?

	They are granules in cells in the subendothelial connective tissue containing von Wilebrand factor (protein of blood clotting cascade) and P-selectine
	They are granules in cells in the subendothelial connective tissue containing enzymes and substrates for production of nitric oxide (NO)
	They are granules in endothelial cells containing von Wilebrand factor (protein of blood clotting cascade) and P-selectine
	They are granules in endothelial cells containing enzymes and substrates for production of nitric oxide (NO)

21 What is a vaskulogenesis?

	Budding if new vessels from existing vessels under pathological condition only
	Budding of new vessels from existing vessels during development or adulthood
	Abnormal differentiation of new vessels during the embryonic development
	Differentiation of new vessels durign embryonic development

22 Where do we find pericytes?

	In the wall of capillaries
	In the wall of all vessels
	In the wall of arteries
	In the wall of veins

23 Where takes place the membrana elastica interna?

	On border between tunica media and tunica adventitia of arteries
	On border between tunica media and tunica adventitia of veins
	On border between tunica intima and tunica media of arteries
	On border between tunica intima and tunica media of veins

24 Which is common diameter of the capillary?

	5 to 20 µm
	20 to 50 µm
	50 to 100 µm
	100 to 200 µm

25 Which of following statements describes endothelial cell the most accurate?

	Flat, polygonal, elongated in the direction of blood flow
	Irregular, prone to overlap other endothelial cells
	Cuboidal, regular, with radial symmetry
	Flat, with long processes

26 Which organ contains capillaries with continuous endothelium?

	Small intestine
	Skeletal muscle
	Thyroid gland
	Kidney

27 Which organ contains capillaries with fenestrated endothelium?

	Connective tissue
	Chorioid plexus
	Brain
	Lung

28 Which organ contains sinusoids (sinusoidal capillaries)?

	Large intestine
	Uterine muscle
	Bone marrow
	Pancreas

29 Which structure is on the border between tunica media and tunica adventitia in brachial artery?

	Membrana fibromuscularis interna
	Membrana fibromuscularis externa
	Membrana elastica externa
	Membrana elastica interna

30 Which type of capillaries has discontinuous basement membrane?

	Sinusoids (sinusoidal capillaries) and fenestrated capillaries
	All capillaries have discontinuous basement membrane
	Capillaries with fenestrated endothelium
	Sinusoids (sinusoidal capillaries)

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