Headache

From WikiLectures


Headache is a symptom. In particular, sudden, intense pain can signal a serious, life-threatening illness.

Headaches are divided into:

  • primary (pain is one of the manifestations of non-life-threatening, chronic, paroxysmal disease);
  • secondary (arises as a symptom of another disease).


The most important task in examining a patient with a headache is to identify severe secondary headache that can be life-threatening.

It is always alarming :

  • first headache in a patient over 40 years of age;
  • sudden, intense headache;
  • gradually developing atypical headache unresponsive to conventional treatment;
  • headache in a patient with cancer or HIV infection ;
  • the presence of any focal neurological finding or impaired consciousness .

The reason for a visit to the doctor is most often a sudden or severe headache .

Personal history[edit | edit source]

We detect the presence of diseases that are accompanied by headaches. For example

  • circulatory system disorders;
  • kidney disease ;
  • general infections;
  • cancer;
  • ENT affections;
  • eye diseases;
  • teeth and jaw infections.

Differential diagnosis[edit | edit source]

In the differential diagnosis of headaches, the most important thing is careful taking of the anamnesis and neurological examination .

We are finding out:

  • cancerthe nature of the pain (dull, pulsating, whipping);
  • cancerlocalisation of pain (hemicrania, diffuse, behind the eye);
  • cancerpain intensity and duration (seconds, hours, days, daily pain);
  • cancerfrequency of pain (several times a day, monthly);
  • cancerother accompanying symptoms (phonophobia, photophobia, odorophobia, lacrimation, nasal secretion, cerebral nerve palsy, hemiparesis , cerebellar symptoms , impaired consciousness) and inducing factors (physical activity, defecation, head tilt , stress , menstruation , medication, alcohol);
  • cancerwe ask about the current treatment and its effect.

Primary headaches[edit | edit source]

Primary headaches have a normal neurological finding. These include:

  • migraine ;
  • tension headaches ;
  • trigeminal autonomic cephalgia
    • cluster headache ;
    • chronic paroxysmal hemicrania ;
    • continuum hemicrania ;
    • SUNCT syndrome ;
  • headaches during sexual and physical activity .

Complications: chronic daily headache .

Secondary headaches[edit | edit source]

Headaches are often associated with other neurological symptoms. As a secondary symptom, headaches are accompanied by the following serious diseases and conditions:

  • subarachnoid hemorrhage ;
  • meningitis and meningoencephalitis ;
  • intracranial expansion ;
  • strokes, especially hemorrhagic strokes ;
  • carotid artery dissection ;
  • cerebral venous thrombosis ;
  • strokescranial neuralgia;
    • trigeminal neuralgia ;
  • sinusitis ;
  • glaucoma attack ;
  • hypertension ;
  • intracranial hypertension
  • temporal artery ;
  • head injury ;
  • strokesstp. regime error, including alcohol excess;
  • sleep apnea syndrome (SAS);
  • cervicocranial syndrome .


Odkazy[edit | edit source]

Související články[edit | edit source]

Externí odkazy[edit | edit source]

Použitá literatura[edit | edit source]

Reference[edit | edit source]


Kategorie:Neurologie Kategorie:Vnitřní lékařství Kategorie:Interní propedeutika