Approximate solubilities of ionic compounds
From WikiLectures
Solubility of ionic compounds in water
| Compound type | Well soluble | Poorly soluble | Insoluble |
|---|---|---|---|
| alkali metal salts (Li + , K + , Na + ) and ammonium salts (NH 4 + ) | other | KClO4 _ | none |
| perchlorates (ClO 4 - ), chlorates (ClO 3 - ), nitrates (NO 3 - ), acetates (CH 3 COO - ) | other | KClO 4 , CH 3 COOAg | none |
| chlorides (Cl - ), bromides (Br - ), iodides (I - ) | other | PbCl 2 , PbBr 2 | Cu + , Ag + , Hg 2 2+ , HgI 2 , BiI 3 , PbI 2 |
| sulfates (SO 4 2- ) | other | Ca 2+ , Ag + | Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ , Pb 2+ |
| hydroxides (OH - ) | alkali metals and alkaline earths | Ca 2+ | other |
| carbonates (CO 3 2- ), phosphates (PO 4 3- ), arsenates (AsO 4 3- ) | alkali metals, NH 4 + | MgCO3 _ | other |
| sulfides (S 2- ) | ions with an inert gas structure (alkali metals, alkaline earths, NH 4 + , Al 3+ , etc.) | other | |
| oxides (O 2- ) | alkali metals, Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ | other |
In general, salts of weak acids are soluble in solutions of strong acids, forming weak acids from them. Analogously, salts of weak bases are soluble in solutions of strong bases, forming weak bases from them. Compounds that contain hydrogen anions in the molecule are more soluble.
