Lengths and circumferences of the lower limb
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We measure the length and circumference of the lower limb lying down with a tape measure. We measure both lower limbs, then the results are compared.
Lower Extremity Lengths[edit | edit source]
| Lengths of the lower limb | ||
|---|---|---|
| proximal point | distal point | |
| functional (relative) length of the lower limb | spina iliaca anterior superior | malleolus medialis |
| anatomical length of the lower limb | trochanter major | malleolus lateralis |
| length of the lower limb with pelvic asymmetry | umbilicus | malleolus medialis |
| thigh length | trochanter major | cleft knee joint |
| leg length | cleft of the knee joint | malleolus lateralis |
| leg | heel | longest toe |
Examination of the length of the lower limbs according to Ludmila Mojžíšová[edit | edit source]
This simple examination belongs to the more indicative ones, when we need to compare the length of the lower limbs in a relatively short time, for example after operations total endoprosthesis of the hip joint and knee joints.
- The starting position is the patient lying on his stomach, toes over the couch.
- We monitor and compare:
- heel plane;
- line under malleolus lateralis;
- line of knees.
- We then passively bend the patient's knees to 90° flexion by grasping the instep and then observe:
- heel plane;
- knee height;
- length of lower leg (difference in heel height);
- femur length (the difference in the distance between the knee joints when viewed from the side).
Circumferences of the lower limb[edit | edit source]
| Circumferences of the lower limb | |
|---|---|
| measurement segment | measurement location |
| thigh | adults 10 cm above the patella, children 5 cm |
| knee joint | in the middle of the patella |
| below the knee joint | over tuberositas tibiae |
| calf | in its strongest place (approx. 10 cm below the knee joint) |
| above the ankles | above the malleolus medialis et lateralis |
| instep, heel | over the heel and bends the ankle |
| MP joints | shoe measure |
Links[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- HALADOVÁ, Eve – NECHVÁTALOVÁ, Ludmila. Investigative methods of the locomotor system. 2. edition. Brno : National Center for Nursing and Non-Medical Health Professions, 2008. ISBN 80-7013-393-7.
- GROSS, Jeffrey M – FETTO, Joseph. Examination of the musculoskeletal system : translation of the second English edition. 1. edition. Prague : Triton, 2005. ISBN 80-7254-720-8.
