Retina

The retina is the inner posterior surface of the eye, consisting of many layers that absorbs light through rods and cones, which are photo-receptor cells.

Structure
The retina has an optic part, which is sensitive to light, a non-visual part that covers the internal surface of the ciliary body and iris; as well as an optic disc, which is the blind spot of the retina as it contains retinal vessels.

1. Pigmented Layer
The pigmented layer is attached to the choroid and continues anteriorly over the internal surface of the ciliary body and iris.

2. Neural Layer
This is attached to the pigmented layer around the optic nerve and Ora Serrata.

3. Macula Lutea
Macula lutea is the structure that has the fovea near its center. It has more cones than rods (100 million:6 million).

Vasculature
The central retinal artery at the optic disc gives off:
 * Superior temporal retinal arteriole and venule
 * Inferior temporal retinal arteriole and venule
 * Superior nasal arteriole and venule
 * Inferior nasal arteriole and venule
 * Superior macular arteriole and venule
 * Inferior macular arteriole and venule