Upper limb muscles

The muscles of the upper limb include the following muscle groups:



Shoulder and scapular muscles

 * Musculus deltoideus
 * Musculus supraspinatus
 * Musculus infraspinatus
 * Musculus teres minor
 * Musculus teres major
 * Musculus subscapularis

Anterior group

 * Musculus biceps brachii
 * Musculus coracobrachialis
 * Musculus brachialis

Posterior group

 * Musculus Triceps brachii
 * Musculus anconeus

The Septa go from the periosteum to the superficial fascia of the arm and create the osteofascial spaces:
 * Septum intermusculare brachii mediale - goes from the tendon of the latissimus dorsi and teres major muscles to the medial epicondyle of the humerus;
 * Septum intermusculare brachii laterale - goes from the attachment of the deltoideus muscle to the lateral epicondyle.

Anterior group

 * surface layer
 * Musculus pronator teres
 * Musculus flexor carpi radialis
 * Musculus palmaris longus
 * Musculus flexor carpi ulnaris
 * second layer
 * Musculus flexor digitorum superficialis
 * third layer
 * Musculus flexor digitorum profundus
 * Musculus flexor pollicis longus
 * fourth, deep layer
 * Musculus pronator quadratus

Lateral group

 * surface layer
 * Musculus brachioradialis
 * Musculus extensor carpi radialis longus
 * Musculus extensor carpi radialis brevis
 * deep layer
 * Musculus supinator

Dorsal group of forearm muscles

 * surface layer
 * Musculus extensor digitorum
 * Musculus extensor digiti minimi
 * Musculus extensor carpi ulnaris
 * deep layer
 * Musculus abductor pollicis longus
 * Musculus extensor pollicis brevis
 * Musculus extensor pollicis longus
 * Musculus extensor indicis

Thumb – thenar group

 * Musculus abductor pollicis brevis
 * Musculus flexor pollicis brevis
 * Musculus opponens pollicis
 * Musculus adductor pollicis

Little finger – hypothenar group

 * Musculus palmaris brevis
 * Musculus abductor digiti minimi (hand)
 * Musculus flexor digiti minimi brevis (hand)
 * Musculus opponens digiti minimi (hand)

Muscles of the middle space

 * Musculi lumbricales manus
 * Musculi interossei manus
 * Musculi interossei palmares I–III
 * Musculi interossei dorsales I–IV