Dead space and its measurement

Dead space is the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange.

Anatomical dead space is the volume of air that fills the conducting zone, about 150 mL (~30% of normal tidal volume).

Alveolar dead space includes those parts of the respiratory zone that do not participate in gas exchange. In the ideal healthy adult, this is zero.

(wait, there's nitrogen dilution technique . !!!!

Also can use Bohr equation (actually less important), which is what you have below

Alveolar part of tidal volume + dead space volume --mixes--> total tidal volume. CO2 is measured various ways)

The main problem is people write equations but dont explain the concept

CO2 is constant everywhere --> derive equation

Physiological dead space is the sum of the anatomical dead space and the alveolar dead space. It cannot be measured directly but is calculated by