Histology MCQs/Urinary System



{Which vessel leaves the glomerulus (vas efferens)? + Arteriole - Artery - Venule - Vein
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{Which structure is associated with vasa recta? - Proximal convoluted tubule - Distal convoluted tubule + Loop of Henle - Glomerulus
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{Where take place the podocytes? - In the space between sheets of Bowman's capsule + In the inner sheet of Bowman's capsule only - In the outer sheet of Bowman's capsule only - In both sheets of Bowman's capsule
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{Where takes place the nephrin? - Close to the nucleus of epithelial cells of proximal tubules - On basolateral pole of epithelial cells of proximal tubules - Close to the nucleus of podocytes + Between processes of podocytes
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{Which type of capillaries is inside the glomerulus? - With endothelium without fenestrations and with discontinuous basement membrane - With endothelium without fenestrations and with continuous basement membrane - With fenestrated endothelium and with discontinuous basement membrane + With fenestrated endothelium and with continuous basement membrane
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{What is main biophysical mechanism behind production of the primary urine? - Active transportation + Filtration - Diffusion - Osmosis
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{Which of following statements about the primary urine is not true? + Concentration of albumin in primary urine is similar to concentration in blood - Daily production of primary urine is about 120 liters - Primary urine can contain glucose physiologically - Primary urine is an isotonic fluid
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{Which of following statements about the epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubule is not true? + Cells contain abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum - Cells contain numerous mitochondria - Cells have basal labyrinth - Cells have brush border
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{Which part of nephron is part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus? - Proximal convoluted tubule + Distal convoluted tubule - Connecting duct - Collecting duct
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{Which vessel is part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus? - Arteria arcuata + Vas afferens - Vas efferens - Vas rectum
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{What is main function of the aquaporin? - It is a membrane protein preventing trascellular leak of water - It is a membrane receptor of water potential + It is a membrane chanel for water - It is an transcription factor
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{What is main function of the intercalated cells in collecting ducts? + Acid-base balance (pH of inner environment) - Regulation of secretion of potassium - Regulation of secretion of natrium - Regulation of secretion of water
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{Urine in the urinary bladder (resulting urine) is described as hypertoni- What does it mean? + Urine has higher concetration of osmotically active particles that blood plasma - Urine has lower concetration of osmotically active particles that blood plasma - Osmotic pressure of urine is higher than atmospheric pressure - Osmotic pressure of urine is lower than atmospheric pressure
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{What is not true about the umbrella cells (facet cells)? - Cell membrane of their apical pole is asymmetric - They have numerous junctional complexes + Their mitotic activity is high - They have usually two nuclei
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{What is a uroplakin? + Transmembrane protein on apical pole of umbrella cells (facet cells) - Transmembrane protein on basal pole of umbrella cells (facet cells) - Cytoplasmic protein inside umbrella cells (facet cells) - Intranuclear protein of umbrella cells (facet cells)
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{What is true about the detrusor muscle? - Detrusor muscle is name of striated muscle adjacent to the wall of the urinary bladder - Detrusor muscle is name of smooth muscle adjacent to the wall of the urinary bladder - Detrusor muscle is name of striated muscle inside the wall of the urinary bladder + Detrusor muscle is name of smooth muscle inside the wall of the urinary bladder
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{How depends appearance of the umbrella cells (facet cells) on the content of the urinary bladder? - Shape of the cells does not depend on the volume of urine inside the bladder - During emptying of the bladder, the cells oscillate - If the bladder is empty, the cells are flattened + If the bladder is full, the cells are flattened
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{Which type of epithelium is inside the ureter? - Pseudostratified columnar epithelium + Transitional epithelium (urothelium) - Stratified squamous epithelium - Simple columnar epithelium
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{Which epithelium is main epithelium of the male uretra inside the navicular fossa? + Simple stratified non-keratinizing epithelium - Urothelium (transitional epithelium) - Stratified columnar epithelium - Simple columnar epithelium
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{What is true about external sphincter muscle (of urethra)? - It is composed of smooth muscle in men and of striated muscle in women - It is composed of smooth muscle in women and of striated muscle in men + It is composed of striated muscle in both men and women - It is composed of smooth muscle in both men and women
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