Nonthrombotic sources of pulmonary embolism

Fat embolism
thumb|250px|Tuková embolie
 * Post up to ½ of severe traumas,
 * mostly asymptomatic, right-sided heart failure, ARDS,
 * therapy: supportive (mechanical ventilation, corticosteroids, diuretics).

Amniotic fluid embolism
thumb|300px|Embolizace amniové tekutiny
 * embolism of amniotic fluid, fragments of trophoblast and decidua during difficult labour,
 * material that has embolized is highly thrombogenic + activates coagulation,
 * cause of death in 10 % of women in labour,
 * there is no specific therapy.

Air embolism

 * Caused by massive vein trauma located on the neck / complication of central venous catheter + surgeries in sitting position,
 * leads to immediate loss of consciousness,
 * therapy: positioning the patient on the left side, head aiming downwards → moving the air bubbles from the right chamber + catheterization / punction elimination of the air bubbles, hyperbaric oxygenotherapy,
 * Lethality up to 50 %.

Septic embolism

 * Abdominal abscesses, infectious endocarditis in i.v. addicts,
 * therapy: ATB, surgical.

Tumor embolism

 * Embolism of tumorous tissue / myxoma near the left atrium,
 * acute / subacute pulmonary embolism.

Foreign object embolism

 * Complication caused by invasive catheterizations, surgeries, ..,
 * therapy: removal of the foreign object by catheterization.

Související články

 * Plicní embolie
 * Embolie
 * Cor pulmonale