Tendon tumors

Tendon tumors are divided according to the initial structure into giant cell tumor of the tendon sheaths, tendon fibroma, soft tissue fibrosarcoma and fibrous histiocytoma.

Giant cell tumors of tendon sheaths
This tumor appears as a gray-yellow knot several cm in size. We distinguish the form:


 * diffuse - large deposits, resembling villonodular synovitis
 * solitary - limited individual deposits, frequent recurrences, treatment of extirpations
 * it often occurs as a painless spherical lesion near the interphalangeal joints of the hand
 * it often affects younger individuals, more often women

Histologically, we find mononuclear oval cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, as well as characteristic huge multinucleated cells of osteoclast character, xanthoma cells, hemosiderin deposits and focal scars.

Tendon fibroma
Very rare and small tumor.

Soft tissue fibrosarcoma
It is a rare low-grade tumor. It consists of bundles of spindle cells that intersect ( fish bone image ).

Fibrous histiocytoma
It has several forms:


 * benign (aka dermatofibroma)
 * semimalignant (so-called dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans )
 * malignant


 * 1) fibroblastic
 * 2) pleomorphic - the most malignant
 * 3) myxoid - locally recurrent, benign

It occurs in the deep subcutaneous tissue in the fascia, ligaments around the joints, as well as in the muscles. Histologically, it is formed by ovoid multinucleated cells similar to histiocytes, they cross with fibroblasts and form typical storiform structures.