Cerebrospinal fluid syndromes

These syndromes are described when interpreting the number of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid and the values of the total protein concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid:
 * Protein-cytological dissociation syndrome – elevated total protein concentration (hyperproteinorachia) and normal number of elements (oligocytosis) – a typical finding for cerebrospinal fluid blockage, eg by a tumor, sometimes in multiple sclerosis and in the terminal phase of inflammation.


 * Proteinocytological association syndrome – increased concentration of total protein (hyperproteinorachia) and multiplication of elements (pleocytosis). It typically occurs in neuroinfections.


 * Cytoprotein dissociation syndrome – increased number of elements (pleocytosis) and normal protein concentration (normoproteinorachia) - a common finding in the initial phase of inflammation.


 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan=7 | Differential diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid findings in the most common CNS infectious diseases ! Disease ! Number of cells in μl ! Cell type ! Total protein ! Glucose ! Chlorides ! Cultivation
 * Acute bacterial meningitis || 500–20&thinsp;000 || neu || ↑↑ || ↓ to ↓↓ || normal || +
 * Acute viral meningitis || 50–1000 || lym, mono || (↑) || (↓) || normal || (+)
 * Chronic CNS infection || ↑↑ || lym, mono || ↑↑ || ↓↓ || normal ||
 * TBC || 50–1000 || lym, neu || ↑↑ || ↓↓ || ↓ || +
 * Brain abscess || 5–100 || neu, mono || ↑↑ || normal || normal || −
 * Viral encephalitis || 5–100 || mono || (↑) || normal || normal || −
 * Acute polyradiculoneuritis || normal || mono || ↑↑ || normal || normal || −
 * }
 * Brain abscess || 5–100 || neu, mono || ↑↑ || normal || normal || −
 * Viral encephalitis || 5–100 || mono || (↑) || normal || normal || −
 * Acute polyradiculoneuritis || normal || mono || ↑↑ || normal || normal || −
 * }
 * Acute polyradiculoneuritis || normal || mono || ↑↑ || normal || normal || −
 * }
 * }

Related articles

 * Cerebrospinal fluid
 * Biochemical examination of cerebrospinal fluid
 * Proteins in cerebrospinal fluid
 * Cerebrospinal fluid spectrophotometry
 * Cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid