Oxygen therapy, artificial ventilation/Repetitorium

Oxygen therapy

 * ormobaric – increase in oxygen concentration in the inhaled mixture at atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa);
 * hyperbaric – supply of oxygen under pressure higher than atmospheric (baro chamber).

Dangers of oxygen therapy

 * 1) formation of radicals;
 * 2) decrease in ventilation – especially in patients with high P CO2, where the main stimulus for breathing was hypoxia; for example, in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease –  type "blue bloaters";
 * 3) lung irritation – exudation,, congestion, edema;
 * 4) atelectasis –  surfactant, as a result of resorption of air from closed spaces, alveoli collapse;
 * 5) convulsions – when breathing O 2 under high barometric pressure – inhibition of enzymes in the CNS.

Advantages and disadvantages of volume and pressure controlled UV

 * volume-controlled – stable delivery of the determined tidal volume vs. risk of leaks, intrapulmonary pressure changes during compliance changes, barotrauma; decreased venous return and decreased cardiac output;
 * pressure-controlled – reaching the specified pressure in the airways (inspiratory pressure level) vs. risk of volume change when compliance changes;
 * PEEP (positive end expiratory pressure);
 * the possibility of triggering inflation by the patient's efforts.