Mental disorders caused by stimulants and hallucinogens use

Hallucinogens

 * Classification
 * Classical hallucinogens (psychodelics), deliriants, dissociatives
 * Effect
 * as the name suggests → change in perception: visual hallucinations and illusions
 * behavior can be unpredictable and dangerous (to other or to self)

1. Classical hallucinogens


 * LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide), psilocybin
 * → perceptual (synesthesia, derealization, depersonalization, illusions), behavioral (paranoid, anxiety, fear of going crazy, impaired judgement)
 * MDMA: serotonin receptor and D2 receptor agonist → grinding teeth (bruxims), hyponatremia (cave: cerebral and pul. edema), mental changes (euphoria, hyperactivity)

2. Deliriants


 * The term is generally used to refer to anticholinergic drugs
 * Common examples of deliriants include plants of the genus Datura as well as higher than recommended dosages of Diphenhydramine (Benadryl).

3. Dissociatives


 * Ketamine
 * phencyclidine (angel dust, peace pill, elephant tranquilizer, hog) → psychosis

Stimulants

 * Cocaine
 * insufflated, smoked or injected
 * MoA
 * Methamphetamines (crystal meth, pervetin, molly (MDMA)
 * Autonomic symptoms: diaphoresis, HT, tachycarida, hyperthermia...
 * Neuropsychiatric sx: agitation, psychosis, euphoria, paranoia, sleep disorders (staying awake), megalomania, disorganized thinking (delusional parasitosis), seizures
 * Complications
 * risk of ongoing anxiety, mood disorders or psychosis
 * memory impairment (esp. with chronic use)
 * MDMA (Molly, ecstasy)