Information and information institutions

Information

 * information surrounds us all our lives
 * there is no clear definition
 * object of research in many fields – information theory, cybernetics, mathematics, computer science, physics, chemistry, information science, social communication, linguistics, semiotics...
 * psychophysiological phenomenon and process

Definition

 * 1) Philosophy
 * 2) * Potentially communicable knowledge about objective reality
 * 3) * The meaning assigned to images, data and the human entities formed from them. Information represents the degree of order of systems in contrast to entropy, i.e. the degree of disorder.
 * 4) Social communication
 * 5) * Every sign that has meaning for both the communicator and the receiver (Lamser)
 * 6) Cybernetics
 * 7) * A name for the content of what is exchanged with the external world when we adapt to it and act upon it with our adaptation (N.Wiener)
 * 8) Mathematics
 * 9) * The message content, which is defined as the negative binary logarithm of its probability
 * 10) Sufficient for the layman
 * 11) * Shared, communicated message, message, knowledge
 * 12) * Information is nothing if not shared – unshared information loses its value

What can be informative and why?

 * Information society → information needs → information barriers → information institutions → information worker → information services → information sources, information sources → information systems → information cycle
 * Information ethics, information security, information half-time, information policy, information industry

Information Society
Based on:


 * information, knowledge
 * the ability to acquire, analyze and use information
 * integration of information and communication technologies into all areas of social life

In practice this means:


 * internet on every corner, mobile phones, working from home, e-learning, video-conferencing, e-shopping, e-banking
 * efficient, fast, more accessible information flows
 * And who is supposed to know and navigate in all this?

Information flow - information cycle (scientific information)

 * author - proofreader - publisher
 * acquisition, storage, search (libraries and other information institutions)
 * classification and processing of information
 * building your own information archive
 * analysis, processing
 * own presentation = author = creation of a new source of information

Information source

 * means of social communication consisting of an information carrier and a set of fixed or transmitted data or information on it (in it).
 * types according to processing
 * primary, secondary, tertiary
 * types according to the method of recording information
 * written, visual, audio, audiovisual, electronic, multimedia
 * types according to the form of publication
 * printed, electronic, micrographic
 * types according to degree of publication
 * published, secret, internal
 * types according to continuity in publishing
 * periodic, serial, one-off

Primary (original) information sources

 * directly recorded author's thoughts in natural language (this is specific information)
 * personal contact
 * conferences, correspondence, invisible college
 * monographs, teaching texts - a comprehensive form of information on a specialized topic
 * encyclopedias, manuals, dictionaries
 * professional journals
 * factual databases - directories, code lists, statistics...
 * special literature − standards, patents, legislative literature
 * gray literature − materials that are difficult to obtain in the usual ways (research reports, conference materials, diploma theses, etc.)

Secondary sources of information

 * inform in an abbreviated way about the existence of the primary document (bibliographic record)
 * they facilitate orientation and speed up access to original sources
 * catalogs – capture the holdings of libraries and information centers, the production of publishers (previously paper-based – now electronic)
 * bibliographic databases – capture the production of publishers (records of articles from professional journals, monographs, chapters from monographs...)

Cataloging record

 * provides information about the processed document
 * serves to identify, search and obtain it
 * composed of descriptive, substantive, or location data

Anatomical atlas of man / Frank H. Netter; John T. Hansen, consulting editor; [translated by Libor Páč, Petr Dubový]. – Ed. 2. expand – Prague: Grada Publishing, 2005. – 542 pp., color. ill. 40 pp. - ISBN 80-247-1153-2.

MDT: 611

MeSH thesaurus term: anatomy, atlases Call number: K-54618 Copies: 3180054439 - in person

Information institutions

 * they respond to society's information needs and participate in the process of satisfying them
 * libraries and information centers
 * publishers and publishers
 * booksellers
 * distributors
 * database producers, operators and brokers

Libraries and their services

 * acquire, process, store and mediate information (both printed and electronic) based on their mission and user needs
 * rental services - attendance, absenteeism, MVS
 * bibliographic services – catalog, creation of own DB
 * search services
 * making electronic information resources available
 * reference services - user navigation
 * reprographic, graphic and editing services
 * Libraries - links
 * ÚVI 1.LF UK ( https://uvi.lf1.cuni.cz/ ) - offers options for reservations, online catalog + option to check your account, extension via e-mail, notification of expiration of loan period
 * National Library of the Czech Republic ( https://www.nkp.cz/ )
 * National Technical Library ( https://www.techlib.cz/en/ )
 * National Medical Library ( https://nlk.cz/ )
 * the library of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic ( https://www.lib.cas.cz/ )
 * faculty library of the UK ( https://knihovna.cuni.cz/ )

Related Articles

 * Information and information institutions
 * Catalogs (1. LF UK, NT)
 * Basics of searching in free resources
 * Orientation in available e-resources
 * Information resources at UK
 * Full-text electronic information resources
 * Citation of used literature
 * Digital portfolio from R&D point of view
 * Written scientific or professional communication