Pathological placement of placenta

Types of pathological location

 * 1) Insertio placentae profunda – the placenta extends into the lower uterine segment, but does not reach the internal gate even during childbirth.
 * 2) Placenta praevia marginalis – its edge extends to the inner gate, during childbirth (during dilatation of the cervix/gate) it can turn into placenta praevia partialis.
 * 3) Placenta praevia partialis – partially covers the hilum, when the hilum is dilated we can see the edge of the placenta.
 * 4) Placenta praevia centralis (totalis) – completely covers the internal gate.

Causes

 * Disturbances in the transport of a fertilized egg - the egg is only able to nest after a certain period of time, if the transport through the tube is too fast, it reaches nesting maturity only in the area of ​​the isthmus.
 * Changes in the morphology of the uterine wall - the uterine wall is lax after previous births and the egg passes into the lower segments of the uterus.
 * Endometrial disorders:
 * the result of abrasive curettage (the endometrium may be completely absent);
 * insufficient decidual transformation (e.g. above myoma), in this case, the so-called placenta membranacea often arises, which grows into the surrounding area, in up to 1/3 of cases such a placenta is entrapped.

Symptoms

 * Bleeding – the main and often the first symptom; repeated bleeding can lead to anemia of the mother.
 * Miscarriage – does not happen often.
 * Asymptomatic course.

Related Articles

 * Placenta
 * Womb
 * Female genitalia
 * Bleeding in pregnancy
 * Bleeding conditions in obstetrics
 * Episiotomy