Portal:Questions for final examination in biophysics (1. LF UK, GM)

List of questions – Biophysics 2008-9
Structure of matter:
 * Force interactions
 * Elementary particles
 * Quantum effects
 * Quantum numbers
 * Orbital angular momentum
 * Orbital magnetic moment of electron
 * Spectrum of hydrogen atom
 * Electron structure of heavy atoms
 * Electron binding energy, ionisation, excitation
 * Atomic nucleus
 * Magnetic properties of nuclei, nuclear magneton
 * Types of bonds among atoms
 * Magnetic resonance tomography
 * Mass spectroscopy

Molecular biophysics:
 * Ideal gas low
 * Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
 * Theorem of equipartition of energy
 * Change of phases, latent heat
 * Gibbs low of phases
 * Analytical dispersions
 * Henry law
 * Colloidal dispersions
 * Blood pressure, law of Laplace
 * Bernoulli equation
 * Blood flow, equation of continuity
 * Viscosity
 * Hagen-Poiseuille low
 * Stokes low
 * Stream-line and turbulent flow, Reynold´s number
 * Measurement of viscosity
 * Diffusion
 * Colligative properties of solutions, Raoult laws
 * Osmotic pressure
 * Phase border phenomena

Thermodynamics:
 * Work and heat, specific heat capacity
 * Heat transport
 * Internal energy and enthapy
 * Entropy
 * Free energy, free enthalpy
 * Chemical potential
 * Transformation and accumulation of energy in cells
 * Measurement of temperature
 * Calorimetry
 * Thermal loses of a body
 * Laws of thermodynamics

Biophysics of electric phenomena:
 * Coulomb low and permittivity constant
 * Potential of a point charge
 * Donnan equilibrium
 * Resting membrane potential
 * Action potential and its propagation
 * Conduction of el. current in a body, molar conductivity
 * Electric impedance
 * Effect of electric current on organism
 * Conductometry
 * Oscilloscope

Acoustic and physical principles of hearing:
 * Sound, its propagation, intensity
 * Acoustic impedance
 * Doppler effect
 * Weber-Fechner´s law
 * Principles of hearing
 * Physical properties of ultrasound
 * Diagnostic application of ultrasound
 * Therapeutical application of ultrasound

Optics:
 * UV-, IR- and visible light, properties, propagation
 * Refractive index, total reflection
 * Dispersion of light
 * Rayleigh and Raman scattering
 * Absorption of light
 * Polarization of light
 * Interference of light
 * Energy and intensity of light
 * Diffraction of light
 * Thin lens formula, optical power
 * Magnification of a simple magnifier
 * Optical microscope
 * Optics of human eye
 * Eye defects, correction of optical power of eye
 * Biophysics of vision
 * Principle of laser

X-ray physics:
 * X-ray properties
 * Generation of X-rays, x-ray tube
 * X-ray absorption
 * X-ray contrast
 * X-ray diagnostic methods
 * Principle of computed tomography
 * X-ray therapy, depth dose

Radioactivity and ionizing radiation:
 * Basic law of radioactive decay
 * Effective, physical and biological half-life
 * Radioactive equilibrium
 * Types of radioactive decay
 * α-decay
 * β-decay
 * Accelerators of particles
 * Cosmic rays
 * Interaction of α-radiation
 * Interaction of β –radiation
 * Interacton of γ-radiation
 * Interaction of neutrons
 * Detection of ionising radiation
 * Ionisation chamber, Geiger-Muller tube
 * Scintillation detector
 * Integral and selective detection of γ-radiation
 * Basic quantities of radiation dosimetry
 * Personal dosimeters