Tumors

Definition :A tumor is a set of cells that grows independently without the control of an organism. Its autonomy is not complete. It is necessary blood supply, (size up to 1.5 mm nutrition diffusion, then the tumor needs a vascular supply), hormonal effects or RF.

Morphological features
The tumor differs from the environment by color, consistency, surface. Epithelial tumors tend to be grayish-white, mesenchymal pink.
 * Enlargement of the organ.
 * Growths.
 * Non-healing ulcer.
 * Hardening.

Division according to the affected tissue

 * Mesenchymal tumors - arise from the mesenchyme . We include tumors of the ligament, blood vessels , blood cells, fat cells and muscle cells.
 * Epithelial tumors - this includes tumors of the covering, superficial and glandular epithelium.
 * Neuroectoderm tumors - originating from cells of neuroectoderm origin ( CNS, peripheral nerve and melanocyte tumors ).
 * Embryonic tumors - this includes germinal and organ-specific tumors.

Behavioral division

 * False tumors – pseudotumors.
 * Hypertrophy
 * Hyperplasia
 * Cyst.
 * Inflammatory pseudotumor( Schloffer's tumor).
 * Hamarcie – tkáň nezapojená do struktury orgánu.
 * Choristry – shluky buněk na abnormálních místech.
 * Real Tumors
 * Benign (non-malignant) - they are able to differentiate into cells morphologically and functionally similar to the cells from which a benign tumor arises. They do not tend to metastasize - establish daughter deposits, growth is limited, but can restrict surrounding tissues. They are similar to the original tissue, encapsulated and bounded by the connective tissue of the original tissue. It usually does not cause serious disorder to the wearer. Well surgically removable. They are marked with the suffix -OM .
 *   Exceptions  : Melanoma, lymphoma , seminoma , mature teratoma testes.


 * Intermediate (semi-malignant) - on the border between malignant and non-malignant tumors, they can form metastases.
 * Malignant - has a wide range of differentiation - from primitive cells to fully mature. It destroys the surrounding tissues, establishes metastases . The microscopic structure is similar to immature tissue. Its boundaries are difficult to determine.
 * Mesenchymal - sarcomas.
 * Epithelial carcinomas.

Types of speech

 * The tumor does not affect the function of the organism at all ( nevus, lipoma ), it can interfere aesthetically
 * It obstructs the lumen of the hollow organ (the result is obstructive jaundice, ileus , hydronephrosis ), narrows the lumen by external pressure, suppresses hematopoiesis ( leukemia , metastases )
 * Produces hormones ( pheochromocytoma, pituitary adenoma , carcinoid )
 * It destroys the surroundings, fistulas and infections occur
 * It disrupts blood vessels

related articles

 * Tumor classification
 * Tumor verification