Mucous dystrophy

Hlenová dystrofie je porucha amorfní složky mezibuněčné hmoty, která se týká hromadění nebo úbytku hlenu.

Accumulation of mucus of epithelial origin (acidic mucopolysaccharides - mucin)
If the inflammation affects the mucous membrane, hypersecretion of mucus occurs, which then mixes with the exudatethe so-called catarrhal inflammation  katarální.
 * Mucus hypersecretion during inflammation

Accumulation of mucosubstances between the epithelia lining the hair follicles. Congenital metabolic disorder, AR hereditary disease. It is caused by a mutation v genein the CFTR 7. chromosomewhich is expressed in the epithelial cells lining the gland ducts. Its product is a transmembrane protein that serves as a Cl - and H 2 O transporter across the membrane. The result of the defect is a great thickening of the secretion. It affects the lungs, pancreas, liver, intestine, gonads.
 * Alopecia mucinosa
 * Cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis)

E.g. mucinous carcinoma (carcinoma adenomatosum muciparum) or gelatinous carcinoma from signet ring cells.
 * Increased mucus production in some tumors



Accumulation of mucus of mesenchymal origin (neutral mucopolysaccharides – mucoid)
It arises when tissue is repeatedly traumatized (e.g. in the subcutaneous tissue in the area of ​​tendon attachments) as a tissue-encapsulated cavity filled with mucus. A similar process in the artery wall is referred to as cystic adventitial degeneration 
 * Ganglion

Accumulation of mucous substances in the joint during hypothyroidism (can be acquired – hypothyroidism, or congenital –  cretinism). Mucopolysaccharides bind water and edema occurs - pretibial, hands, feet, eyelids, tongue and submucosal tissue of the larynx (thickening of the voice).
 * Myxedema

It affects the media of the aorta, in which the muscle and elastic disappear, sinuses filled with mucus are formed. These predispose to aortic dissection ..
 * Erdheim's cystic medionecrosis

Accumulation of mucus in various tissues due to enzyme defect. They can be acquired or congenital.
 * Mucopolysaccharidoses

They can be divided into mucopolysaccharidoses:
 * with mucopolysacchariduria (enzymopathy affecting lysosomes) - mucus often accumulates in the corium (thickening of the skin - gargoyles - gargoyles) or in the bones (growth disorders);
 * without mucopolysacchariduria (incorrect distribution of enzymes - absent in lysosomes, found extracellularly).

Loss of mucus of mesenchymal origin
A relative increase in collagen (due to a decrease in GAG), e.g. in senile atrophied skin. Atherosclerosis also changes the ratio in the representation of mucosubstances (increase in dermatan and heparan sulfate, decrease in the amount of chondroitin sulfate). Absolute increase in collagen (the amount of GAG remains normal).
 * Sclerosis
 * Fibrosis

related articlesy

 * Poruchy mezibuněčné hmoty
 * Mukopolysacharidy
 * Kolagen