Portal:Questions for State Exam in Surgery

1.

a. LOCAL ANAESTHESIA – Local Anestesia Agents

b. NODULAR THYROID DISEASE – diagnosis, surg. therapy

c. OBSTRUCTION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE – mechanical obstruction (simple obstruction, strangulation obstruction, intussusception, volvulus

d. MAJOR TRAUMA (POLYTRAUMA), MULTIPLE TRAUMA – definition, primary survey management ABCDE

e. TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

2.

a. INFECTIONS OF THE HAND AND FINGERS

b. PLEURAL EMPYEMA– etiology, types, diagnosis, surgical therapy

c. ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN

d. FRACTURES AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION

e. MYOCARDIAL PROTECTION during open-heart surgery

3.

a. ASEPSIS, ANTISEPSIS, STERILISATION, DESINFECTION

b. NEOPLASMS OF THE THYROPID GLAND, THYROID LOBECTOMY, Near-total THYROIDECTOMY indications,complications

c. ACUTE PANCREATITIS

d. SOFT TISSUE INJURIES SURGICAL WOUND CLASSIFICATION and NECROTIZING FASCIITIS

e. VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS

4.

a. ANTIBIOTICS IN SURGERY

b. OPERATIVE PROCEDURES OF THE THYREOID GLAND

c. PERITONITIS DIFFUSA PURULENTA – symptoms, investigation, therapy

d. TRAUMA OF JOINTS

e. EXTRACRANIAL CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE

 5.

a. ANAEROBIS INFERCTIONS– diagnosis, treatment.

b. PARATHYROIDAL GLANDS– disease, surgical. therapy

c. ILEUS – types, diagnosis, differential diagnosis

d. DIAPHRAGM TRAUMA– signs, diagnosis,surgery terapy

e. AORTIC VALVE SURGERY

6.

a. WOUND INFECTION – classification, prevention, therapy

b. PANCREAS NEOPLASMS – symptoms, investigation, localization, therapy

c. APPENDICITIS ACUTA

d. DISLOCATION OF SOULDER JOINT

e. TRICUSPIDAL VALVE SURGERY

7.

a. FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE MANAGEMENT

b. CARCINOID TUMORS

c. COMPLICATIONS OF APPENDICITIS

d. FRACTURES OF THE SCAPULA AND CLAVICLE

e. VASCULAR INJURIES

8.

a. UNCONSCIOUSNESS – types, diagnosis, treatment

b. MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA SYSNROME

c. DIVISION OF ACUTE ABDOMEN

d. FRACTURES OF HUMERUS

e. ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS

9.

a. FIRST AID TREATMENT, STRUCTURE AND STEPS ,ROLES

b. MEDIASTINAL TUMORS

c. POSITIONS OF APPENDIX, ATYPICAL APPENDICITIS

d. PNEUMOTHORAX TRAUMATICUS– first aid, diagnosis, treatment

e. PULMONARY EMBOLISM

10.

a. DECUBITUS

b. BREST CANCER and CLINICAL BREST EXAMINATION

c. ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN PREGNANCY AND IN CHILDHOOD

d. FRACTURES OF THE DISTAL HUMERUS

e. TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT ARTERIES

11.

a. TYPES OF WOUND, treatment

b. BREST CANCER MAMOGRAPHY, ULTRSONOGRAPHY and MRI, SCREANING FOR BREST CANCER – frequency of performing examination

c. ACUTE ABDOMEN - OBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS

d. FRACTURE OF THE OLECRANON

e. TROMBEMBOLIC DISEASE

12.

a. HEALING OF THE WOUNDS– timing and technical point of wiew

b. HIATUS HERNIA, ACHALASIA, GASTROOESOPHAGEAL REFLUX ,SURGICAL TREATMENT OEOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

c. RUQ - RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT PAIN

d. FOREARM FRACTURES – classification, treatment options, Monteggi fracture, Galeazii fracture

e. MECHANICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ARTEFITIAL VALVE PROSTHESES

13.

a. SURGICAL INFECTION – HOST DEFENSE BARRIER, RESIDENT MICROBIAL FLORA, EXOTOXINS.

b. OESOPHAGEAL NEOPLASM – symptoms,diagnosis, surgical therapy

c. SYNDROM OF THE EPIGASTRIUM

d. DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURES – Colles fracture, Smith fracture, classification, treatment options, complications

e. CONGENITAL MALFORMATION OF THE THORACIC AORTA

14.

a. SEPSIS, MOF, SIRS

b. NEOPLASMS OF THE LUNG– symtoms, Preoperative Evaluation of operative risk, therapy LEFT LOWER QUADRANT PAIN

c. FRACTURES OF THE DISTAL ULNA – diagnosis, therapy

d. MECHANICAL HEART SUPPORT

15.

a. TREATMENT OF SURGICAL INFLAMATION

b. INGUINAL HERNIA

c. ACUTE GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING

d. FRACTURES OF THE CARPUS

e. PARICARDIAL DISEASE

16.

a. GENERAL RESPONSES TO INJURY AND ACUTE ILLNESS

b. ACUTE PANCREATITIS– symptoms, diagnosis, intensive and surgical therapy

c. BLUNT TRUAMA, HEMOPERITONEUM– diagnosis and therapy

d. TRACHEAL and TRACHEOBRONCHIAL INJURIES– symptoms, diagnosis, surgical therapy

e. SURGERY OF CEREBROVASCULAR INSUFFICIENTY ASYMPTOMATIC STENOSIS OF THE CAROTID ARTERY

17.

a. NUTRICION IN SURGICAL PATIENTS

b. CHRONIC PANCREATITIS– symptoms, diagnosis, surgical therapy

c. STRANGULATED EXTERNAL HERNIA

d. ANKLE SPRAIN – anatomy of ankle, cassification, diagnostic, treatment, complications

e. SURGERY OF CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS

18.

a. INVESTIGATION IN SURGERY

b. PANCREAS NEOPLASMS – symptoms, diagnosis, surgical therapy

c. VASCULAR ILEUS

d. FRACTURES OF THE PELVIS

e. ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULAS

19.

a. PREOPERATIVE CARE, RISK ASSESSMENT

b. SPLEEN, INDICATIONS FO SPLENECTOMY

c. ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION

d. FRACTURES OF THEPROXIMAL FEMUR

e. ISCHEMIA OF VISCERAL ARTERIES– symptoms,,diagnosis,therapy

f. DIAGNOSIS,TREATMENT

20.

a. GENERAL ANAESTHESIA

b. LIVER CYSTS AND ABSCESS

c. ACUTE ABDOMEN - SUBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS

d. FRACTURES OF THE SHALF OF THE FEMUR

e. AORTOILIAC ARTEROSCLEROTIC OCCLUSIVE DISEASE

21.

a. BASIC OFOPERATING TECHNIQUES– knots, sutures, abdominal and chest drain

b. PORTAL HYPERTENTSION – symptoms, diagnosis, surgical therapy

c. PERITONITIS PURULENTA DIFFUSA – symptoms, investigatins, diagnosis,therapy

d. INJURIES OF THE KNEE LIGAMENTS

e. VSCULAR ACCESS FOR HEMODIALYSIS (arterial, a-v fistulas)

22.

a. POSTOPERATIVA CARE

b. CHOLELITHIASIS– symptoms, diagnosis, therapy

c. LYMPHADENITIS MESENTERIALIS

d. FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMALL TIBIA

e. CARDIAC TAMPONADE

23.

a. TROMBEMBOLIS DISEASE

b. OPERATION ON GALLBLADDER AND BILE DUCTS

c. ACUTE ABDOMEN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

d. FRACTURES OF THE SHALF OF TIBIA

e. SURGERY OF THE ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

24.

a.RESPIRATORY COMPLICATION AFTER OPERATION

b. GASTRIC PEPTIS ULCER – symptoms, diagnosis, surgical therapy

c. ILEUS CLASSIFICATION

d. ANKLE SPRAIN – anatomy of ankle, cassification, diagnostic, treatment, complications

e. HEARD TUMORS

25.

a. TRACHEOSTOMY – indication, complication

b. GASTRIC NEOPLASMS

c. ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS, HYDROPS and EMPYEMA – symptoms, investigations, surgical strategy, indication for laparoscopy and laparotomy operation

d. FRACTURES OF THE OS CALCIS

e. VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELITUS– SURGICAL THERAPY

26.

a. PULMONARY EMBOLISM– symptoms, diagnosis, therapy, prevention

b. OPEATION ON STOMACH ( TYPE I, TYPE II )

c. HAEMATEMESIS, MELENA– definition, investigation, therapy

d. ANKLE LIGAMENTS INJURY

e. HEART TRANPLANTATION

27.

a. POSOPERATIVE LOCAL COMPLICATION

b. DUODENAL DISEASE

c. ACUTE APPENDICITIS

d. FRACTURES OF THE METATARSALS

e. ARTERIAL ANEURYSM – clinic and treatement

28.

a. TRANSUFUSION OF BLOOD, ABO antigens, Rh antigens, pretransfusion testing, acute transfusion reactions, symptoms, therapy

b. SMALL INTESTINE -INFLAMATION DISEASES, INJURIES

c. VOLVULUS – definition, symptoms, diagnosis, therapy

d. FRACTURE OF SPINE – first aid, classification, therapy

e. PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

29.

a.SHOCK SEPTIC – definition, key points, intensive therapy

b. BREST CANCER – epidemiology, types of brest cancer, screenuing

c. ULCERATIVE COLITIS – symptoms, complications, surgical urgent therapy

d. LUNG CONTUSION– patophysiology, classification, diagnosis, therapy

e. CHRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENTION– patophysiology, symptoms, therapy

30.

a. SHOCK – definition, patophysiology, types, intensive therapy

b. COLORECTAL OPERATIONS – hemicolectomy,colectomy, proctocolectomy, abdominoperineal amputation, colostomy]]

c. INVAGINATION

d. POLYTRAUMA – definition, rules, strategy and intensive surgical therapy

e. THE CLINICAL EXAMINATION VASCULAR SYSTEM

31.

a. LEFT LOWER QUADRANT PAIN

b. INFLAMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

c. FLUID, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID-BASE BALANCE

d. PNEUMOTHORAX– types, first aid, diagnosis, therapy

e. ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS – clinics, therapy

32.

a. WARFARE INJURIES

b. COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS

c. *PREOPERATIVE CARE OF HIGH RISK PATIENTS

d. HAMOTHORAX – definition, symptoms, diagnosis, therapy (drainage, thoracotomy, thoracoscopy)

e. THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROM

33.

a. BURNS – definition, 9 Wallace rule, complication (general and local)

b. HAEMORRHOIDES – types, localization, surgical therapy

c. PORTAL HYPERTENSION AND VARICEAL BLLEDING – Early Evalution and treatement

d. FRACTURE OF THE RIBS, MULTIPLE FRACTURES, FLAIL CHEST – therapy

e. EXTRACORPORAL CIRCULATION (HEART AND LUNG MACHINE)

34.

a. CRUSH SYNDROME– patophyiology, investigation, intensive therapy

b. HAEMOPERITONEUM

c. MEDIASTINAL TUMORS – anatomy of mediastinum, localization and types of tumors, diagnosis and surgical therapy

d. ACUTE ARTERIAL OCCLUSIONS (embolia, thrombosis)

35.

a. PRINCIPLES OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY– Contemporary Imaging, Serum Biochemical Markers, aprpriate Biopsy techniques, Staging-TNM classification

b. MALIGNANNT PLEURAL EFFUSIONS– symptoms, diagnosis, surgical therapy

c. ILEUS– symptoms, types ,diagnosis, therapy

d. FRACTURE COMPLICATION OF THE HEALING

e. EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR DISEASE

36.

a.ENTERORRHAGY, MELENA– definition, investigation, initial therapy

b. PANCREATITIS CHRONICA– etiology, symptoms, nonsurgical and surgical therapy

c. EMPHYSEMA BULLOSUM – etiology, types, complications and surgical therapy

d. FLAIL CHEST – patophysiology, surgical therapy ( stabilization )

e. DISSECTION OF THE THORACIC AORTA

37.

a.NASOGASTRIC TUBE, GASTROSTOMY, JEJUNOSTOMY – definition and indication

b. CHEST INJURIES – thoracic wall, lung. THORACOTOMY, THORACOSCOPY

c. PNEUMOPERITONEUM – etiology, diagnosis, therapy

d. INDICATION FOR SPLENECTOMY (traumatic and nontraumatic )

e. SURGERY OF THE MITRAL VALVE

38.

a. BACTERAEMIA AND SEPTICAEMIA – definition, MICROBIAL DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTION

b. INGUINAL HERNIA – surgical anatomy, direct, indirect, complications, surgical therapy (classic, laparoscopic)

c. COLITIS ULCEROSA, TOXIC MEGACOLON– surg. therapy

d. MASSIVE HAEMOTHORAX definition, FLAIL CHEST – diagnosis, therapy

e. PERICARDITIS EXUDATIVA etiology, symptoms, investigations, therapy

39.

a. HAEMOPTYSIS – definition, investigation, therapy

b. VETRAL HERNIAS

c. MEDIASTINITIS ACUTA– etiology, diagnosis, surgical therapy

d. GUNSHOT INJURIES– patophysiology, surgical strategy

e. BASIC PRINCIPLES IN VASCULAR SURGERY, TYPE OF PROSTEHESE