Psychological and social theories of mental illness

Sigmund Freud

 * Founder of psychoanalysis, scientifically structured system of understanding mental illness
 * Dynamic Personality Power - Psychosexual Energy =  Libido 
 * Pregenital infantile sexuality - aimed by autoerotically
 * Development since childhood - oral stage, sadistic, phallic and puberty
 * Libido can stagnate in a certain developmental degree, fixation gives the bases perversion
 * Libido suppression - neurosis
 * Other Mental Life Structures -  ID, Ego, Superego 
 * '' 'neurosa' ' - the ego and ID confkt
 * '' Psychotic Disorders' - The Ego Relationship Disorders with the surroundings
 * Treatment by moving the experiences of unconscious to consciousness -  psychoanalysis  (influenced only limited)

Carl Gustav Jung
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 * Looking for a connection between personal experience and existence of all mankind
 * Archetypes - allow an insight of individual fate
 * origin schizophrenia] - experience of a strong affection that is equal to seeing the mythical medus

Alfred Adler

 * neurosa as a person's defense against the feeling of one's own worthlessness -  a complex of inferiority 

h.s.sullivan

 * The basis of disorders is in the disorder of relationships between people

California school

 * He also deals with interpersonal communication, theory of "double ties" - the emergence of schizophrenia is due to interpersonal communication in the family ("parents are always right, do not listen because he is lying")

behavioral psychotherapy

 * study of learning and behavior process
 * A neurotic patient has either not learned to the non -adaptive behavior or is missing the correct formulas

daseinsanalysis

 * From the existential philosophy of psychiatrists from Germany, it emphasizes' 'unrepeatability and uniqueness of the human creature', the therapist seeks to empathize with the patient

existential analysis

 * emphasizes  the desire for the meaning of life , in doubt about the meaning of existence arises, frustration, neuros and depression

Humanist psychology

 * tries to understand the inner experiences of an individual and teach him to control the recognized
 * Personal development is in understanding and manifesting your feelings

theory based on the studio of family interaction
Develops in the middle of the 20th century
 * Family - a small group that is specifically different from other social groups
 * Basic interaction - mother -network
 * nuclear family
 * Balance, sometimes at the cost of a "scapegoat" (scapegoat) - for example, one child is constantly angry, so parents solve his offenses and not disagreements with each other, it can play a role in the development of schizophrenia

nexal family
 File: Relationships in Rodine 01.jpg | Basic triangle: Father-Mat-Distine. Relationships between them take place freely, slain, in all directions File: Relationships in Rodine 02.jpg | Theft of Marriage Partners. Both parents are emotionally attached to a teenage child. The child begins to feel uncomfortable and towed. File: Relationships in Rodine 03.jpg | Mother created a strong emotional bond to a small child. Father stands aside. He tries to establish a relationship with the child, but at the same time jealous of them. 


 * closed to the world and the other
 * Loss of autonomy of individual members, all must submit to the internal rules of the family
 * Lack of individual and family perspectives, suppresses the development of children
 * Development of the disease in a nexal family:
 * Phase - The child is born with difficulty in expressing their needs, the family is not recognized, the family describes the child as good, trouble -free, but actually ignores its needs
 * Phase - The child begins to have the need to show your own self, the effort to escape the family control, is assessed as a "evil" child, the family is looking for the blame outside (friends, school…)
 * phase - an individual contrary to family standards is marked mad, the family gets rid of guilt and is looking for a problem outside, a vicious circle

healthy family

 * Communication is friendly, misunderstandings do not hide, discuss
 * satisfies the emotional needs of the members, open to the incentives from the surroundings
 * father and mother - natural authority, child has its own space
 * Emotional responses permanent and certain
 * It is clear to them that the meaning of life is in themselves

Theory of mental diseases based on social interaction

 * Mental disease has a more pronounced character of social status
 * Three Profit of Psychic Disease (Freud)
 * primary - anxiety regulation
 * secondary - changes in social situation, escape
 * tertiary - benefit for the surroundings (the possibility to care, regret, get rid of guilt)
 * The patient's status brings
 * benefits - acquittal of duties, the patient is not responsible for his condition
 * sanctions - efforts to temporarily condition, treatment
 * '' Psychiatric Stigma '