Dietary therapy in infectious diseases


 * a patient with an acute infection is in a hypercatabolic state, the energy expenditure sometimes rises to the values ​​of a very hard-working person
 * in a previously healthy individual, we do not have to do anything with the energy intake in acute inflammation
 * if the inflammation lasts over 10 days, we must supplement energy
 * first we always try to serve it orally, then via i.v.

Basic diets
Characteristics: Drinks, soups, sauces, half energy content Indications: Surgeries of the gastrointestinal system Characteristics: Purees, full energy content Indications: Surgeries and diseases of the gastrointestinal system Characteristics: Easy to digest Indications: Feverish diseases, mild gastrointestinal system diseases Characteristics: Respects the principles of rational nutrition, energy content 11 MJ, physiological nutrient ratio Indications: Diseases that do not require a change in diet Characteristics: Fat limitation (65 grams) Indications: Diseases of the gallbladder, pancreas, hepatitis, mild intestinal diseases Characteristics: Mechanically and chemically soft to the intestine, reduction of cellulose (vegetables) and milk as a beverage Indications: Mild diarrhea Characteristics: Protein and salt limitation (60 grams) Indications: Kidnes diseases Characteristics: Contains mainly unsaturated fatty acids (vegetable oils) and cellulose (vegetables) Indications: Hyperlipidemia, complications of atherosclerosis Characteristics: Energy limitation (6 MJ) Indications: Obesity Characteristics: Ensures a lower and even carbohydrate intake (200 grams) Indications: Diabetes mellitus Characteristics: Reduces sodium intake by eliminating table salt Indications: Swelling (decompensation of cardiac insufficiency, pregnancy) Characteristics: Energy rich (14 MJ) and biologically valuable Indications: Convalescence, tuberculosis, tumors, AIDS Characteristics: Respects the principles of rational toddler diet: dairy products Indications: Children aged from 1 and 1/2 years to 3 years Characteristics: Respektuje zásady racionální stravy dětí: Respects the principles of rational diet of children: common, popular, easily digestible, non-spicy foods br>Indications: Children aged from 4 to 15 years
 * D–0	Liquid
 * D–1	Soft
 * D–2	Saving
 * D–3	Rational
 * D–4	Low fat
 * D–5	Low Residue
 * D–6	Low protein
 * D–7	Low cholesterol
 * D–8	Reduction
 * D–9	Diabetic
 * D–10 Low sodium
 * D–11 Nourishing
 * D–12 Toddler diet
 * D–13 Older children's diet

Special and standardized diets
Characteristics: Tea and crackers Indications: Acute diarrhea Characteristics: Liquid, energy-rich and biologically valuable Indications: Disorders of chewing and swallowing due to diseases and injuries of the oral cavity and oesophagus Characteristics: Strong fat reduction Indications: Acute conditions of the gallbladder and pancreas after a tea diet, onset of viral hepatitis Characteristics: Meets the requirements of diets D-2 and D-9 Indications: Diabetes with complications Characteristics: Similar to D–4/S Indications: Acute diarrhea Characteristics: Similar to D–4 Indications: Fading diarrhea, fading pankreatitis Characteristics: Similar to D–1 Indications: Mild gastrointestinal system disease Characteristics: Does not contain wheat gluten (which contains gliadin) Indications: Coeliac sprue, gluten enteropathy Characteristics: Does not contain dairy products Indications: Lactose intolerance Characteristics: Does not contain meat and vegetables (for 3 days) Indications: Detection of occult bleeding, if it is positive without dietary restrictions
 * D–0/S Tea
 * D–1/S Liquid nourishing
 * D–4/S With strict fat restriction
 * D–9/S Diabetic saving
 * D–S/KN Non-greasy soft
 * D–S/P Pancreatic
 * D–S/K Greasy soft
 * D–S/BLP Gluten-free
 * D–S/BLK Lactose-free
 * D–S/OK For examination of occult bleeding