Waller degeneration and regeneration

The endoneurium surrounds the axons, they are connected into fascicles, each fascicle is bordered by a perineurium, the nerve itself composed of fascicles is surrounded by an epineurium.
 * Waller's degeneration: after the axon is severed, there is detachment from the cell body and degeneration of its distal stump.
 * Waller regeneration: the cell body reacts to the separation of the axon by producing structural proteins, the new axon grows at a rate of approx. 1 mm/day and tries to connect with the original effectors or receptors. Then there is the formation of myelin sheaths and functional regeneration.
 * If the severed nerve is not connected, a amputation neuroma is formed on the proximal stump, which is very sensitive to touch and percussion (Tinel's sign, for example, it is also in carpal tunnel syndrome).

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