Incidence of tumors

Basic terms

 * Cancer incidence – the number of newly diagnosed cases; indicates the number of newly diagnosed tumors during the monitored period in the monitored population.
 * Tumor mortality - the number of patients who died; indicates the number of patients who died during the monitored period in the monitored population (number of those who succumbed to the cancer).
 * Tumor lethality – the number of patients who died; indicates the number of patients who died during the monitored period in the monitored population of the oncological patients (the number of those who succumb to cancer out of the number of those diagnosed with cancer).
 * Prevalence of tumors - number of living patients; indicates the number of patients living with cancer.

General epidemiology
Czech Republic is one of the most burdened countries in Europe and in the whole world as well when it comes to malign neoplasms (in terms of epidemiology). All neoplasms (without other skin tumors – C44) show a total incidence of almost 511 people per 100,000 inhabitants, the mortality is more than 262 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. Since 1995, mortality has been more or less stabilized in the long term. Nevertheless, due to the increasing incidence, there is a persistent increase in prevalence. In 2007, there almost 290,000 people with cancer living in the Czech republic (not counting the aforementioned skin tumors). The most significant factor in the increase in the incidence of tumors is the increasing average age of the population. The increase in the number of cancer diagnoses is found mainly in the age group above 70 years, but there is also an long-term increase in the age group of 50-59 years. Another factor is the increasing incidence of multiple primary tumors (so-called duplicates) in one patient. The relative frequency of finding multiple malignancies in the period 1998–2007 reaches values ​​of 12–14 % of their total incidence for a number of diagnoses. In more than 95% of cases, these are recurrent malignancies in a different location than the first tumor. The incidence of tumors is further influenced by, for example, smoking, diet composition, excessive salt intake. Uncontrollable factors such as genetic predisposition also play their part in this process. Despite the increasing incidence, we have managed to stabilize mortality in the long term. New treatment methods and detection of tumors in an earlier clinical stage contribute to this.

The most common tumors in the Czech Republic
The most common tumors of male population in the Czech Republic are:


 * prostate cancer ,
 * colon and rectal cancer ,
 * malignant tumors of the trachea, bronchi and lungs.

Compared to the worldwide incidence of these tumors, Czech men are on the 40th rank in the number of prostate tumors (1st place belongs to the USA), 1st in the number of colon and rectal tumors and 9th in the number of trachea, bronchus cancers and lung (1st place goes to Hungary).

The most common tumors of female population in the Czech Republic are:


 * breast cancer,
 * colon and rectal cancer,
 * trachea, bronchus and lung cancer,
 * uterine cancer.

Compared to the worldwide incidence of these tumors, Czech women achieve the 30th place in the number of breast tumors (1st place comes to the USA), 9th in the number of colon and rectal cancers (1st place for New Zealand), in 3rd place in the number of cancers of the body of the uterus (1st place in the USA). They are also on the 106th place in the number of cancers of the cervix (1st place in Haiti) and in 25th place in the number of cancers of the trachea, bronchi and lungs (1st place in the USA).

For these most common diagnoses, mortality has stabilized in recent years, but prevalence has increased. Malignant tumors of the trachea, bronchi and lungs make an exception. Their significant mortality reduces the prevalence value even with high incidence. It is interesting that the incidence of tumors of the trachea, bronchi and lungs among men in the Czech Republic has been decreasing in recent years, while it has been increasing among women. In addition to the above-mentioned tumors, the incidence of pancreatic tumors, tumors of stomach, and ovarian tumors in the female population is increasing in the Czech Republic.

Related Articles

 * Tumor Registries