Syndrome of intracranial hypertension and hypotension/Repetitorium

Presumed terms: factors determining intracranial pressure, pressure-volume curve

Intracranial hypertension
Up to 15 torr compensated state, above 20 torr CPP threat.

Causes

 * 1) intracranial expansion (traumatic, tumor)
 * 2) brain edema
 * 3) hemodynamic swelling of the brain (vasodilatation)
 * 4) CSF accumulation (increased secretion, decreased resorption)

Symptoms

 * clinical trias : headache, vomiting, congestion on the fundus of the eye
 * sleepiness, memory disorders
 * dizziness
 * bearing symptoms
 * bradycardia
 * cones: occipital, temporal
 * hydrocephalus without hypertension in children

Therapy

 * surgical (reduction of intracranial expansion x increase of intracranial space)
 * hyperventilation
 * osmotherapy (intact HEB)
 * diuretics
 * hypothermia
 * positioning

Intracranial hypotension
Symptoms similar to intracranial hypertension, but improves when lying down

Causes

 * 1) decreased secretion of cerebrospinal fluid
 * 2) increased resorption of cerebrospinal fluid
 * 3) CSF leak (trauma, lumbar puncture)

Related Articles

 * Intracranial hypertension
 * Brain edema
 * Craniocerebral trauma