Preoperative care

By preoperative care, we mean all general and special care and preparation before surgery.

Sorting

 * Long-term preoperative preparation - about 14 days before the planned operation.
 * Short-term preoperative preparation - 24 hours before surgery.
 * Immediate preoperative preparation - 2 hours before surgery.

Long-term preoperative care
It consists of basic as well as specific examinations, which should not be older than 2 weeks.

Basic examinations

 * Blood tests- biochemical (liver tests, ions, urea, creatinine), hematological (Blood count + diff.), Hemocoagulation (QUICK, APTT...), blood group determination.
 * Urine examination- urine + sediment
 * ECG
 * X-ray of the heart+ lungs
 * SONO or endoscopic examination

Specialized examination

 * Cardiology
 * Diabetological
 * Neurological
 * Nephrological

Short-term preoperative care

 * Familiarization of the client with the planned procedure and signing an informed consent to the operation.
 * Instructing the client about general hygiene.
 * Do not eat, drink, or smoke from midnight (6-8 hours hungry).
 * Check for regular defecation, if the client does not defecate regularly, inform the doctor.
 * Introduction of a permanent urinary catheter in case of complicated procedures or urological and gynecological operations.
 * Preparation of the operating field- cleaning, shaving.
 * Thromboembolic disease prevention - miniheparinization, DK bandages
 * Consultation with an anesthesiologist with subsequent determination of premedication and anesthesia
 * Training of movements on the bed, coughing, sitting, getting up.
 * Administration of evening premedication
 * Store all valuables in a safe.

Immediate preoperative care

 * Control of general hygiene, removal of make-up and nail polish
 * Removal and storage of jewelry and dentures
 * Introduction of a peripheral venous catheter
 * Checking or re-applying DK bandages
 * In the morning, the patient should not have breakfast (diabetics require a 10% glucose with insulin infusion).
 * Defecating
 * Measurement of physiological functions (BT, BP, HR)
 * Miniheparinization
 * Administration of morning premedication
 * Before being taken to the surgical theater, change into a disposable garment
 * Verification of patient data

Source
Independently prepared and checked by a teacher