Arteria axillaris

thumb|Schéma větvení a. axillaris

The axillary artery is a continuation of the subclavian artery from the lateral edge of the 1st rib. It also runs through the axilla to the inside of the collum chirurgicum humeri. From there it continues as the brachial artery. The axillary vein runs parallel to it, ventromedially from it.

Plexus brachialis it runs parallel to the artery, first dorsocranially, gradually surrounding it with its lateralis, posterior and medius trunks.

It supplies the muscles bordering the fossa axilaris, the infraspinatus muscle, the deltoid muscle, parts of the first two intercostal space, the shoulder joint, the skin and, in women, part of the mammary gland.

Medially from m. pectoralis minor[upravit | editovat zdroj]
Rr. subscapulares – jednotlivé větve pro m. subscapularis.

A. thoracica superior (suprema) – k prvním dvěma mezižebřím a horní části m. serratus anterior.

A. thoracoacromialis – krátký kmen vystupující ventrálně, v hloubce trigonum clavipectorale (trigonum deltopectorale) vysílá:


 * R. acromialis – do rete acromiale a k ramennímu kloubu.
 * R. deltoideus – pro m. deltoideus.
 * Rr. pectorales – pro m. pectoralis major et m. pectoralis minor.
 * R. clavicularis – pro m. subclavius.

Behind m. pectoralis minor
A. thoracica lateralis - descends along the anterior serratus muscle, which supplies (descends before the periodically descending thoracic longus nerve), sends rr. mammari laterales into the mammary gland.

Laterally from m. pectoralis minor
A. subscapularis - an axilla to the foramen omotricipitale, where it is divided into:


 * A. thoracodorsalis - For m. latissimus dorsi m. teres major.
 * A. circumflex - skrze opening omotricipitale do m. infraspinatus, KDE's a anastomozuje. suprascapularis (thyrocervical artery branch).

A. circumflexa humeri anterior - weaker artery, in advance around the collum chirurgicum humeri to the shoulder joint and surrounding tendons.

A. circumflexa humeri posterior- thicker artery, posterior through the foramen humerotricipitale, around the collum chirurgicum humeri, for the deltoid muscle, the triceps brachii muscle and the shoulder joint. Through the foramen humerotricipitale and around the collum chirurgicum the humeri progresses together with the axillary nerve.