Basalioma



It is the most common malignant skin tumor. Its incidence has doubled in the last 15 years.

Occurrence
We observe an increased incidence after the 1940s. years of age, the most risky is the group over 60''. However, it can be at any age.

It affects almost exclusively white individuals, and when it occurs in pigmented races, it is associated with unusual etiological factors.

The tumor arises from keratinocytes epidermis.

Clinical picture, development
Typical cells are oval in shape and resemble the cells of the basal layer epidermis – hence the name.

The tumor almost never metastasizes - over 200 cases of metastases have been described worldwide, mostly to lymph nodes.

It usually starts as a nodule, boil or scab that does not change significantly at first.

It grows slowly, as if crawling on the surface.

It consists of a single solitary nodule with raised edges, parts may be subject to ulceration that does not heal.

Sometimes there is a false improvement, the ulcer almost heals, only to reappear before long and slowly enlarge.

An inconspicuous course often results in the formation eventually increasing to dimensions that can be a treatment problem in some locations.

On the other hand, basal cell carcinoma on the mucous membranes metastasizes very often.

Cause of disease
As with other malignant diseases, the cause of the disease is unclear.

The main etiological factor is chronic, long-term exposure of the skin to UV radiation.

Prognosis
With the exception of extensive or invasively growing tumors, basal cell carcinoma does not pose a threat to the patient's life. However, if the tumor grows long enough, it can form extensive foci with destruction of neighboring tissues.

Treatment
Surgical removal. If it is not cut out completely, it recurs! Excision is then necessary until the entire bearing is removed. Due to the place of occurrence (face), the aesthetic side of the procedure cannot be neglected.

Related Articles

 * Basalioma (preparation)
 * Basalioma/PGS
 * Malignant skin tumors: Melanoma | Squamous cell carcinoma | Verrucous carcinoma


 * Precancers in Dermatology
 * Malignant mesenchymal tumors: Kaposi's sarcoma | Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberan

Source

 * Adapted and processed with the consent of the author MUDr. VLADIMIR JANEČEK.