Examination of nose ear nd skull

Inspection
Skull shape :


 * mesocephalic - normal skull shape,
 * brachycephalic - shortened posteriorly,
 * dolichocephalic - anteroposteriorly extended,
 * microcephalic - small skull accompanied by mental disorders,


 * macrocephalic - magnified,
 * hydrocephalus - in children - due to an increase in intracranial pressure when the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid is disturbed - enlarged calva with splayed seams
 * Paget's disease - bone thickening for unknown reasons - mainly in the frontal landscape,
 * caput quadratum - square skull - prominent frontal and parietal part of the skull - caused by vitamin D deficiency,
 * turicephalic - turret (tower shaped)- premature fusion of seams

thumb|Hydrocephalus thumb|Hydrocephalus thumb|Pagetova choroba – lebka

Palpation
Sensitive innervation of the face - outputs of the trigeminal nerve - painful in inflammation:


 * n. supraorbitalis,
 * infrastructural nerve,
 * n. mentalis.

Percussion
Painful in sinusitis - especially in the frontal area

Inspection

 * size - prominent in acromegaly,
 * bleeding
 * unilateral - local mucosal damage,
 * bilateral - hypertension, uremia ,
 * secretion - common in rhinitis

Inspection :

 * gout tophus - uric acid salts accumulate on the auricle,


 * secretions
 * odorless - inflammation of the mucous membranes,
 * smelly - purulent inflammation of the bone.