Smoking fumes

thumb Cigarette smoke is a dynamic complex of more than 4,000 gaseous and solid substances. Contains 43 proven karcinogenů dibenzanthracene, benzo-a-pyrene, dimethylnitrosamine, diethylnitrosamine, vinyl chloride, hydrazine, arsenic, etc.), 60 kokarcinogenů, promotorů or suspected carcinogens, mutageny, alergeny, toxic substances. It is also rich in oxid uhelnatý (smokers have 5-10% karbonylhemoglobinu). There are 700 additivies in cigarette smoke.

Active smoking
Active smoking causes or increases the risk of a number of fatal and non-fatal diseases:
 * fatal diseases related to smoking - karcinom plic, upper respiratory tract karcinom močového měchýře, karcinom pankreatu, ischemickou chorobu srdeční, CHOPN, karcinom jícnu, karcinom ledvin, cervixu (Peto, R. in: Crofton, J., Doll, R.: Tobacco and Health, 1996);
 * non-fatal diseases related to smoking – peripheral vascular disease, kataraktu, m. Crohn, žaludeční vřed, duodenální vřed, hip fractures (over 65 years). (Peto, R. in: Crofton, J., Doll, R.: Tobacco and Health, 1996);

Passive smoking
thumb|right|200px|ETS Passive smoking ( second hand smoking ) causes 120-160 deaths in the Czech Republic per year. ETS ( environmental tobacco smoke ) contains hundreds of toxic substances. Exposure to ETS can be demonstrated in the blood, saliva or urine of non-smokers, the acute impact is manifested by irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract, an unpleasant olfactory sensation.


 * ETS causes:
 * lung cancer;
 * fatal and non-fatal infarkty myokardu (&darr; ability to transport oxygen by blood, &darr; ability of the myocardium to use oxygen ATP synthesis, greater extent of ischemia);
 * inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract;
 * záněty středního ucha;
 * a small but significant decrease in lung function in children;
 * increase in the incidence of new astma diseases and its recurrences;
 * it is associated with syndromem náhlého úmrtí kojenců.

Effects on the fetus in a smoking mother : ↓ birth weight (about 250 g) and the related impact on further development, VVV končetin (Experts Statement on Passive Smoking, Barcelona 1996). Smoking during pregnancy further increases the risk of spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy.

Související články

 * Epidemiologie závislosti na tabáku
 * Léčba závislosti na tabáku
 * Prevence závislosti na tabáku
 * Tabák