Kussmaul respiration

Characteristics : pronounced hyperpnea and significantly increased minute ventilation with significant respiratory effort  .

Kussmaul pattern:

Kussmaul breathing is a typical manifestation of respiratory compensation of metabolic acidosis. The increased concentration of hydrogen protons stimulates peripheral receptors in the glomus aorticum (via the vagus nerve ) and glomus caroticum (via the glossopharyngeus nerve ), which activate the respiratory centers and increase ventilation. It appears, for example, in diabetic ketoacidosis or renal failure  .

It is named after the German physician Adolph Kussmaul (1822–1902)  .

related articles

 * Cheyne-Stokes respiration ▪ Biot's respiration
 * Dyspnea ▪ Tachypnea ▪ Bradypnea ▪ Apnea ▪ Hyperpnea ▪ Orthopnea
 * Diabetic ketoacidosis (pediatrics)

Reference

 * 1) LEBL, Jan, Kamil PROVAZNÍK and Ludmila HEJCMANOVÁ, et al. Preclinical pediatrics. 2nd edition. Prague: Galén, 2007. pp. 106-107. ISBN 978-80-7262-438-6.
 * 2) ↑ ROKYTA, Richard, et al. Physiology and pathological physiology: for clinical practice. 1st edition. 2015. 712 pp. pp. 189.  ISBN 978-80-247-4867-2 ..
 * 3) ↑ MATTESON, EL and FJ KLUGE. Think clearly, be sincere, act calmly: Adolf Kussmaul (February 22, 1822-May 28, 1902) and his relevance to medicine in the 21st century. Curr Opin Rheumatol [online] . 2003, year 15, vol. 1, pp. 29–34, also available from < http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=1040-8711&volume=&#x20;15&issue=1&page=29 >. ISSN -. PMID: 12496507.