Sudden cardiac death

Sudden cardiac death (sudden cardiac death) is a natural death from a cardiac cause that occurs within one hour of the onset of symptoms and the time and manner of death is unexpected. Heart disease may or may not be previously known. In 85% of cases, NSS occurs as a result of malignant arrhythmia (ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia).

Causes
Based on ECG analysis of resuscitated patients, NSS is believed to be caused by:
 * ventricular fibrillation (often preceded by ventricular tachycardia) - no.,
 * electromechanical dissociation',
 * asystole.
 * {| class="wikitable"

! colspan=2 | The most common causes of NSS ! He is sick with structural heart disease !! Patients without structural heart disease
 * CHD (acute ischemia, scar after MI)|| Long QT Syndrome
 * Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy || Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
 * Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy || Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (Brugado syndrome catecholamine-dependent familial polymorphic ventricular tachycardia syndrome?)
 * Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy||
 * Valvular defects ||
 * Inflammatory heart diseases ||
 * Amyloidosis/Sarcoidosis ||
 * Coronary artery spasm ||
 * Congenital heart defects (Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, aortic stenosis, pulmonary vascular obstruction) ||
 * Presence of myocardial bridges ||
 * }
 * Inflammatory heart diseases ||
 * Amyloidosis/Sarcoidosis ||
 * Coronary artery spasm ||
 * Congenital heart defects (Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, aortic stenosis, pulmonary vascular obstruction) ||
 * Presence of myocardial bridges ||
 * }
 * Congenital heart defects (Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, aortic stenosis, pulmonary vascular obstruction) ||
 * Presence of myocardial bridges ||
 * }
 * }

In the context of malignant arrhythmias, cocaine, antiarrhythmics and hypomagnesemia can have a proarrhythmogenic effect.

Treatment

 * Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (Basic Life Support, Advanced Cardiac Life Support).
 * Treatment of structural heart disease (if present).
 * Implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)/catheter ablation of an arrhythmogenic deposit.

Primary prevention
In high-risk patients, the most effective primary prevention is ICD implantation.

Related Articles

 * Ventricular fibrillation
 * Antiarrhythmics