Leukocytes

Leukocytes

Definition and classification
Leukocytosis is an ‘Increased number of ‘ leucocytes in a person's blood. It can be caused by a reactive (secondary) or malignant cause. According to the type of leukocyte, we recognize the following types of white line defects, which are also the causes of leukocytosis:


 * Neutrophilia – increase in the absolute number of Neutrophils in the peripheral blood above the limit of 7,5 × 109/l.
 * Lymphocytosis – an increase in the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood above the limit of 4,5 × 109/l.
 * Basophilia – Increase in the number of Basophils in the peripheral blood above the limit of 0,1 × 109/l.
 * Monocytosis – increase in the number of Monocytes in the peripheral blood above the limit of 0,8 × 109/l.
 * Eosinophils – increase in the number of Eosinophils in the peripheral blood above the limit of 0,25 × 109/l.

The causes of leukocytosis
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Neutrophilia
Neutrophilia can be caused by a number of causes. These causes include:


 * infections (bacterial, fungal, spirochetes and others),
 * Inflammation (vasculitis and others),
 * Physical exertion, pregnancy,
 * Severe Metabolic acidosis (Diabetic ketoacidosis),


 * Smoking.

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Lymphocytosis
Lymphocytosis is usually caused by an acute  Viral  infection or a chronic infection. Other various causes include:


 * malignancies (leukemia and lymphoma),
 * injuries,
 * excessive physical activity,
 * stress lymphocytosis (after myocardial infarction or in adrenaline lymphocytosis).

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Basophilia
Most causes of basophilia are life-threatening, so early diagnosis and subsequent rapid treatment are important. These causes include:


 * inflammatory disease (ulcerózní kolitida and others),
 * Drugs (eg estrogens and others),
 * irradiation,
 * Hyperlipidemia.

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Monocytosis
The causes of monocytosis also usually include life-threatening conditions, early diagnosis and subsequent rapid treatment is important. Such causes include:


 * Infections (malaria, Trypanosominasis),
 * Tuberculosis,
 * Typhoid fever,

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 * Hodgkin´s lymphoma,
 * hemolytic anemia.

Eosinophilia
Eosinophilia can be caused by:


 * allergic reaction,


 * Parasitic disease,
 * Condition after infectious mononucleosis.

Diagnosis
Leukocytosis is detected by a differential blood test

Related articles

 * Neutropenia
 * Lymphocytopenia
 * Leukopenia