Chromium

Biologically active is Cr3+, Cr6+ is toxic.

Function
The trivalent form of chromium is used as a glucose tolerance factor. It stimulates the action of insulin and increases glucose tolerance. It increases HDL levels in healthy people.

Conversely, professional exposure to hexavalent chromium has allergic effects and is carcinogenic.

Recommended daily dose
The recommended daily dose of chromium is 150–200 μg.

Deficiency
Chromium deficiency can result in:
 * reduced glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes mellitus;
 * hyperlipidemia;
 * acceleration of atherosclerotic changes.

Toxicity
It is mainly hexavalent - it easily passes through membranes and connects DNA → DNA-DNA crosslinks – contributing to mutagenesis. It enters the body through emissions from the air and damages the respiratory tract, conjunctiva, and kidneys.

Related articles

 * Trace elements