Superior mesenteric artery syndrome

thumb|Topography of the duodenum,aorta and superior mesenteric artery The superior mesenteric artery syndrome  is a separate form of partial duodenal obstruction in which the caudal third of the duodenum is compressed between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta. Compression occurs in excessive lordosis (in patients on a plaster bed after spinal surgery) and in the loss of intra-abdominal fat, which keeps the duodenum in position. 400px|thumb|Břišní cévy
 * chronic duodenal obstruction, chronic duodenal ileus, plaster bed syndrome;
 * affects lean girls more - repeated vomiting after eating and abdominal pain;
 * diagnosis - contrast X-ray (extension of the duodenum with rapid peristaltic and antiperistaltic waves);
 * therapy - alleviation - the position of a praying monk (crouched position on the knees) is recommended after a meal;
 * sometimes nutrition by nasojejunal tube or parenterally is necessary - fat gains when weight increases;
 * possibly surgery.

The superior a. mesenterica (about 2 cm caudally from the coeliac truncus behind the head of the pancreas, level L1) is the main branch for the duodenum (aa. pancreaticoduodenales inferiores), jejunum (aa. jejunales), ileum (aa. ileales), caecum (a. ileocolica), colon ascendens a colon transversum (a. colica dextra) až po Cannonův-Böhmův bod (asi 2/3 colon transversum). Mimo tenké, slepé a tlusté střevo se a''. mesenterica sup. podílí také na zásobení hlavy pankreatu, může vysílat větve i pro žaludek a až ve 30 % případů dokonce přídatnou a. hepatica accessoria''.
 * Superior mesenteric artery

Související články

 * Vrozené atrézie a stenózy gastrointestinálního traktu
 * pylorostenosis congenita
 * malrotace střeva a volvulus
 * obstrukce tenkého střeva
 * mekóniový ileus
 * megacolon congenitum