Skin transplantation

Skin transplantation is the most common type of transplantation.

Use: treatment of burns, loss injuries, radical removal of skin tumors.

Transplants by donor

 * Autotransplantation – the collection site depends on the extent and location of the defect at the transplant site, more distant → greater changes in the quality and color of the skin → the transplant is taken from the place closest to the defect bowl; large defects - skin from the abdomen (in full thickness), buttocks, etc.
 * Allotransplantation – the best temporary biological cover for open wounds, hl. treatment of extensive burns – reduces the loss of fluids, proteins and electrolytes from the wound, supports the regeneration of the epithelium; exchange within 5 days; collection from living donors (DK)
 * Xenotransplantation - skin from pigs - convenient temporary cover - burns

Transplants by skin thickness

 * Dermoepidermal membrane – the thinnest, heals well, the disadvantage is the tendency to wrinkle, the defect created after sampling spontaneously epithelizes
 * Dermoepidermal graft – epidermis + thicker layer of coria, high-quality cover, healing within 14 days
 * Full-thickness skin transplant – the most valuable, all layers of skin without subcutaneous fat, applied only to non-infected areas, the defect is treated with a suture after removal

Sampling technique

 * Small grafts - with a scalpel
 * Larger transplants – Wattson knife, electrodermatome, air-dermatome (→ dermoepidermal grafts)
 * Netted (mesh) transplants – coverage of large areas with a lack of healthy skin, eyes of different sizes → polyps. increase in the area of ​​transferred skin + free flow of transudate

Indications for skin transplantation

 * Burns – allotransplants + xenotransplants (temporary) → autotransplantation (later)
 * Traumatology (skin loss) + post-traumatic conditions ( scar tissue replacement)
 * Chronic skin defects ( leg ulcers, non-healing wounds, more extensive excision of skin tumors)

Related Articles

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