Sialolithiasis

Sialolithiasis is the formation of salivary stones, the cause of which is a change in the composition of saliva. The viscosity of saliva increases, a mucoprotein matrix is formed, in which inorganic material (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus salts) is subsequently deposited and concretion is formed. Concretion narrows the outlet, complete obstruction of the outlet, retention of saliva, and dilation of the outlet can occur. The submandibular gland is most often affected by sialolithiasis, less often the parotid gland.

Clinical signs: painful swelling associated with increased saliva secretion with food or psychological stimulation (salivary colic).

Diagnostics: palpation, USG, native X-ray, sialography.

Therapy: surgical take out of the stone or total extirpation of the salivary gland.

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