Non-invasive lung ventilation/secondary school (nurse)

Possibility to perform pulmonary ventilation techniques without the need for invasive airway securing – using an oxygen mask with a sealing cuff or using an oxygen helmet.

Non-invasive lung ventilation (NIPV) has the task of:
 * In the short term, → reduce respiratory rate, increase volume, improve gas exchange and reduce the patient's breathing work.
 * In the long term, → an increase in the quality of sleep, a better quality of life, an increase in survival time.


 * Most often used:


 * CPAP therapy.
 * Ventilation by positive pressure.
 * diaphragmatic stimulation.

Indication

 * Acute respiratory failure, pulmonary edema.
 * COPD.
 * Sleep apnea.
 * Neurological onem., condition after encephalitis.
 * Patients prior to lung transplantation in the terminal stage.
 * Myopathy.

Contraindications:

 * Circulatory instability, AIM.
 * Risk of aspiration.
 * Inability to clear your throat.
 * Mask leakage.
 * Uncooperative and aggressive sick.

Indications for

 * Mask intolerance.
 * Progression of the state within 30 min. to 1h, development of circulatory instability, deterioration of consciousness.
 * Inability to clear your throat.

Complications

 * Skin defects, erythema in the face, soreness.
 * Drying of mucous membranes with insufficient moisturizing.
 * Distension of the stomach.
 * Leakage of breathing mixture.

Design

 * 1) Patient education – explanation of the procedure and reason for NIVS, agreement on the method of communication.
 * 2) Mask preparation – size and fan selection – mode selection and humidification.
 * 3) Patient monitoring.
 * 4) Semi-sitting position.
 * 5) Connect the mask to the fan and start mode.
 * 6) Putting on and fixing the mask on the patient's face.
 * 7) We are increasing pressure support and PEEP gradually.
 * 8) Adjustment of alarms and parameters.
 * 9) Checking the effectiveness of NIVS – in case of poor toleration of ventilation, light sedatives can be administered.

Related articles

 * Overview of airway provision
 * Intubation – in children
 * Endotracheal intubation
 * Difficult intubation
 * Tracheostomy
 * Coniotomy
 * Laryngospasm
 * Artificial lung ventilation/secondary school (nurse)
 * Patient/client monitoring at UPV/high school (nurse)
 * Oxygen therapy
 * PEEP
 * Lung volumes