Portal:Biology and Genetics

Biology and Genetics

= History of genetics =

= Fundamental genetics =

Monogenic inheritance

 * Gene
 * alleles
 * allelic interactions
 * genotype
 * phenotype
 * polymorphism
 * structural gene
 * genes for tRNA, rRNA


 * Chromosome
 * autosomes
 * sex chromosomes
 * chromosome X
 * chromosome Y
 * mitochondrial DNA


 * Mendelian pattern of inheritance
 * Mendel's experiments
 * monohybridism
 * dihybridism (free assortmnent of alleles, linkage)
 * parental, F1, F2, F3 generations
 * backckross
 * non-allelic gene interactions


 * Non-Mendelian Inheritance
 * mitochondrial inheritance
 * imprinting


 * Use of Mendelian Genetics Laws in Human Genetics
 * Clinical genetics
 * Genealogy studies
 * Monogenic disorders (blood groups, transplantation antigens, repetitive sequences,

restriction fragment length polymorphism)
 * Autosomal dominant inheritance (AD), examples
 * Autosomal recessive inheritance (AR), examples
 * X-linked dominant inheritance (GD), examples
 * X-linked recessive inheritance (GR), examples

Oligogenic, polygenic a multifactorial inheritance
= Cytogenetics =

Metaphasic Chromosome

 * Structure of metaphasic chromosome
 * Types of metaphasic chromosomes
 * Human karyotype

Chromosome Assessment

 * Material
 * Chromosome identification

Chromosomal Aberrations

 * Structural chromosomal aberrations
 * Numerical chromosomal aberrations
 * Acquired chromosomal aberrations
 * Tumor cytogenetics
 * Prenatal screening

= Cell Cycle =

Cell cycle disturbances
= Molecular Genetics =

Posttranscriptional a posttranslational editing
= Ontogenetics =

= Imunogenetics =

= Oncogenetics =

Mutator genes
= Ecogenetics =

Nutrigenetics
= Genetics of Complex Traits =

Genetics of infectious diseases
= Evolution Genetics=

Evolution of ontogenesis
= Population genetics =

= Genomics, Transcriptomics & Proteomics =

Methods of proteomics

 * Preanalytical sample preparation
 * 2-D electrophoresis
 * Liquid chromoatography
 * Isoelectric focusation
 * Mass spectrometry
 * Protein arrays

= Epigenetics =

Epigenetics and human disease
= Experimental and Comparative Genetics =

in vivo, ex vivo'' - model organisms

 * unicellular models
 * Arabidopsis thaliana
 * Caenorhabditis elegans
 * Drosophila melanogaster
 * Danio rerio
 * Rattus norvegicus
 * Mus musculus
 * Pan troglodytes

Bioinformatics
= Ethical, legal and social aspects of genetics =

= Clinical Genetics =

= Methods of Medical Genetics =

Clinical methods
= Genetics of bacteria, prokaryotes and viruses =

= Gene therapy =