Classification of mental and behavioral disorders

The aim of classifying mental disorders

 * Identify groups of patients who are similar in their clinical features, course of disease, outcome and response to treatment, aiding individual clinical management;
 * Provide a common language for communication between patients, professionals and researchers;
 * Improve the reliability (reproducibility among ≠ settings) and validity (correctness → by examining the consistency of symptoms, treatment responses, long term prognosis, genetic and biological correlates) of Dx

In Europe/rest of the world: ICD-10

 * International Code for Diseases, 10th edition
 * Published originally in 1993 by the WHO
 * ICD-10 → ICD-11 (First release in Jan. 1 2022)


 * F00-99
 * F.00 Dementia in Alzheimer´s disease (F00-F09: Organic mental disorders)
 * F10-19 Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance (10 alcohol, 14 cocaine)
 * F20-29: Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders...

America: DSM-V

 * Diagnostic Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders by the American Psychiatric Association
 * DSM V (since 2013): American Society of Psychiatry
 * They are already working now on the DSM- Vl
 * Structure
 * Section l: Introduction
 * Section ll: Diagnostic Criteria and codes
 * Neurodevelopmental disorders : e.g. autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability
 * Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
 * Bipolar and related disorders
 * Depressive disorders
 * Section lll: emerging measures and models
 * Section lll: emerging measures and models

Differences of the ICD-10 and DSM-V

 * ICD-10 + DSM-5 are categorical systems describing a group of discrete conditions (giving operational definitions, specifying inclusion and exclusion criteria, such as number of symptoms and minimal durations)
 * Concrete examples
 * Bipolar disorder (ICD-10) vs Bipolar l/ll (DSM-V)
 * acute polymorphic disorder with or without features of schizophrenia (ICD-10) vs Brief psychotic disorder (DSM-V)
 * Pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders (ICD-10) vs Autism spectrum disorder (DSM-V)
 * Mental retardation (ICD-10) vs intellectual disability (DSM-V)