Torsion dystonia

Torsional dystonia can be:
 * 1) generalized (affects trunk muscles) – tonic generalized spasms, lordosis increases when walking, turns into trunk torsion (twisting) + head tilt making walking impossible (dysbasia lordotica progressiva),
 * 2) localized (affects only certain muscle segments / groups of muscles), e.g. torticollis muscularis spastica (this is torsional dystonia of the neck),
 * 3) also professional cramp (writer's cramp) - often in musicians.

Related articles

 * Extrapyramidal syndromes
 * Hypokinetic extrapyramidal syndromes