Source of infections

In the Czech Republic, vaccination is established by the regulations of the Ministry of Health (MOH) and managed (organized, planned, controlled) by the epidemiologists of the relevant health institutes. It is carried out by practitioners, mainly paediatricians.

Vaccinations are divided into:
 * 1) regular,
 * in persons who have reached a certain age (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, rubella, mumps, measles, poliomyelitis, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae B - HIb),
 * 1) special,
 * in persons who, during their work, are exposed to a higher risk of infection' (TB, hepatitis B, rabies, tick-borne encephalitis; for example may be vaccinating medical students against hepatitis B);
 * 1) extraordinary,
 * certain groups of people who find themselves in a situation where there is an increased risk of a certain infection' - e.g. vaccination against VHA during floods in the affected area, a booster dose against mumps, rubella and measles in 10-11 year old children (decrease in antibodies), the risk is evaluated by the Ministry of Health or the regional epidemiologist;
 * 1) before leaving for a foreign country' and for persons who 'come from abroad,
 * according to internationally valid regulations' or based on requirements of individual countries; currently valid for yellow fever - vaccination before arrival from endemic countries or after arrival from endemic areas to countries where yellow fever does not occur but the potential vector, Aedes aegypti is present '; (recommended are Japanese encephalitis, plague, typhoid, cholera in persons with occupational exposure to infested areas);
 * 1) in accidents, injuries and non-healing wounds,
 * tetanus, rabies (depending on the circumstances with possible passive immunization from a vital indication);
 * 1) in the focus of infection,
 * susceptible individuals in an outbreak (measles, meningococcus, meningitis);
 * 1) at the request of persons,
 * tick-borne encephalitis, influenza, meningococcus, hepatitis A, papillomavirus, pneumococcal infections, rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis.

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