Orientation in available e-resources

Database
A system used to model real-world objects and relationships (including abstract or fictitious ones) through digital data organized in such a way that they can be efficiently manipulated, i.e. quickly searched for, loaded into memory and performed the necessary operations on them - display, add new or update existing data, mathematical calculations, arrangement into views and reports, etc. The basic elements of a database are data and a program for working with them. Data content consists of a set of uniformly structured data stored in computer memory or on a recording medium, which are in a certain relationship with each other and form a certain whole in terms of the information contained; the data can only be accessed using special software – a database management system. According to the type of data contained, text databases are distinguished (full-text, bibliographic, reference, factographic, numerical, image, multimedia databases can also be distinguished among them). According to the user's way of working with data, a distinction is made between databases enabling data entry (e.g. company transaction systems, library system cataloging module) and databases enabling only data searching and reading (e.g. databases in database centers, OPAC, data warehouses).


 * Today, a database means virtually any "database" where records - data (in offices, offices, hospitals, ...) are organized and can be searched
 * from a library point of view, databases are specialized in a certain field, territory, country, area
 * catalogues
 * database - today the designation EIZ (electronic information resources) is used

Why do we need databases?

 * to give us a quick orientation
 * are clear
 * they have search tools
 * we will quickly find out if there is anything
 * on a certain topic
 * from a certain author
 * from a certain publisher
 * what are the patient's results
 * what medicine has what contraindications...

Database Types

 * according to the type of processing give:
 * text
 * bibliographic
 * full text
 * factual
 * combined
 * numerical
 * pictorial
 * multimedia
 * according to the way of work
 * possible registration
 * search and read only
 * by content:
 * professional
 * polythematic
 * by scope:
 * National
 * international
 * by document type:
 * magazine articles
 * patent
 * DB of gray literature
 * company information etc.

The history of the creation of databases

 * predecessors – inventory lists of churches and monasteries
 * library catalogs
 * (bound books, paperback, today electronic)
 * information about what is in the fund
 * bibliographies, citation indexes, report journals
 * the development of science, the spread of books, the emergence of periodicals - the amount of information that leads to the need for the creation of bibliographies - in medicine, the second half of the 19th century

Database Today

 * in today's concept came with the development of PC and telecommunication technology
 * information industry
 * producer, distributor, operator, intermediary (broker), database centers - user ... money
 * printed – electronic – tape services – on diskettes – on CD – internet – web

Who circles the databases?

 * producer – the one who creates it (commercial or non-commercial institution)
 * operator – provides the search software and ensures that the database works
 * database centers – mediate multiple DBs under one user interface
 * intermediary – provides access to the database or contact with the DB center (library, information brokers)
 * user – uses the DB

What are the trends?

 * user friendly environment
 * centers are end-user oriented
 * intuitive search
 * connecting individual databases
 * e.g. bibliographic information with full texts
 * various added services
 * links to catalogs
 * added services – CUNI link / Find it @ CUNI / SFX (finds the full text of the article, links to the author)
 * parallel search
 * provision of DB via the Internet
 * remote access (from home, anywhere!)

Search Basics - Search Strategy

 * query formulation – (what am I looking for?!) – important to formulate!
 * selection of keywords – (MeSH, other thesauri, find used dictionaries of terms)
 * selection of EEZ
 * query construction - (boolean and proximity operators)
 * search records
 * working with results (providing full text)

Keywords, thesaurus terms

 * MeSH = Medical Subject Headings
 * dictionary of used terms for medicine
 * verbal expression as well as numerical notation
 * created by: National Library of Medicine - Bethesda
 * translation: National Medical Library in Prague
 * URL: www.medvik.cz – MeSH tab
 * custom keywords – for full-text searches

Where to look?

 * find out what "your" institution, company, company has access to
 * database portals (samples)
 * at the UK - electronic resources portal "PEZ" - http://pez.cuni.cz
 * on the 1.LF UK website – https://www.lf1.cuni.cz/
 * on the 1.LF UK library website – https://uvi.lf1.cuni.cz/
 * NLK – https://nlk.cz/
 * NK CR – https://www.nkp.cz/ ,
 * Infozdroje – https://www.infozdroje.cz/ (AiP supplier portal)
 * decide which database to use
 * polythematic, branch-oriented
 * bibliographic, full-text, factual...

Types of access

 * direct access
 * it only works from an organization that has a database subscribed to
 * access is ensured on the basis of IP-addresses (the system knows where you are accessing from and accordingly allows you into the database or refuses access)
 * Remote Access
 * access from anywhere based on ID and password
 * you log in to the server, enter your ID and password, and the system connects you to the database
 * there are different systems
 * EZproxy is now used at UK
 * NLK uses SerialsSolution
 * federated search (parallel search)
 * at UK the MetaLib system - allows you to search several different databases at once - http://metalib.cuni.cz

Parallel search

 * the MetaLib system is used at UK
 * allows you to search multiple sources at once - under one user interface
 * http://metalib.cuni.cz (registration with ID / password)

"Value Added" Services

 * Charles University uses SFX (examples)
 * links to full texts of documents from bibliographic, index, abstract databases and search services
 * links to other relevant online services
 * holdings – document ownership – linked to the UK catalogue
 * citace.com – linking to the website https://www.citace.com/ and pre-filling the form
 * impact factor - connection with db JCR

BMČ – Bibliographia Medica Čechoslovaca

 * national medical bibliography – processes articles in Czech journals, but also monographs, anthologies, lectures, book reviews
 * producer: National Library of Medicine
 * history: efforts at bibliographic capture date from the end of the 19th century and until 1945 they were associated with the names of important Czech doctors, systematically from 1947, first published in 1949
 * thesaurus: formerly MDT, since 1970 MeSH
 * format - printed, DVD (BiblioMedica), online

MEDLINE

 * bibliographic database of world medical periodical articles (more American)
 * biomedical literature, focused more on clinical medicine – includes:
 * Index Medicus
 * Index to Dental Literature
 * International Nursing Index
 * producer: National Library of Medicine (Bethesda)
 * associated titles: Index Medicus, PubMed
 * history - first published in 1879 (surgeon Dr. John Shaw Billings)
 * thesaurus: MeSH
 * form: printed, online (retrospective up to the 1950s)

EMBASE

 * bibliographic database of world medical articles from periodicals (more pro-European)
 * contains literature from the field of biomedicine and pharmacology
 * producer: Elsevier
 * associated titles: Excerpta Medica Abstract Journals
 * history: Excerpta Medica was founded by a group of doctors in 1946 to promote the flow of medical information
 * thesaurus: EMTREE
 * form: printed, online (since the 80s)

Web of Science

 * Science Citation Index
 * database based on subject relationship between two articles (cited and citing)
 * Citation Index – index of works cited in a given year
 * Source Index – information about citing works
 * producer: Institute for Scientific Information in Philadelphia
 * history: the first volume was published experimentally in 1963 and included literature from 1961, since 1964 it has been published regularly

related articles

 * Information and information institutions
 * Catalogs (1. LF UK, NT)
 * Basics of searching in free resources
 * Orientation in available e-resources
 * Information resources at UK
 * Full-text electronic information resources
 * Citation of used literature
 * Digital portfolio from R&D point of view
 * Written scientific or professional communication