Metabolism of AMK groups of pyruvate and oxaloacetate

Among the AMKs that we classify in the group of ``pyruvate and ``oxalacetate are: threonine, glycine, serine, alanine, cysteine, aspartate, asparagine. Pyruvate and oxaloacetate are important later in the citrate cycle.

Pyruvate group

 * Threonine is converted to glycine and acetaldehyde by threoninaldolase. Acetaldehyde can be further dehydrogenated and converted to acetyl-CoA in the presence of coenzyme A. Acetyl-CoA can be used in β-oxidation.
 * 'Glycine is converted by the enzyme ``serine hydroxymethyltransferase into serine, which can be converted back by ``threoninaldolase and using THF (tetrahydrofolate, group acceptor) glycine.
 * 'Serine is converted to pyruvate in a reaction catalyzed by ``serine dehydratase'' and H2O and NH4 + + are released Vulture>.
 * Alanine is transaminated with the help of ALT (alanine aminotransferase). In this reaction, the amino group is reversibly transferred from alanine to 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate.
 * Cysteine loses NH3 releasing H2S or SO32- and pyruvate is formed.

Oxalacetate group

 * Asparagine is converted to aspartate by hydrolytic deamination, when H2O is supplied and NH4 is released.
 * Aspartate is converted to oxaloacetate by transamination using AST (aspartate aminotransferase).

Related Articles

 * β-oxidation
 * Amino Acids
 * Pyruvate