Surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease is caused by degeneration of neurons pars compacta substantiae nigrae - dopamine, production is reduced, which leads to its deficiency in the striatum.
 * Clinically: hypokinetic-hypertonic syndrome – tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia
 * Ventrolateral thalamotomy was used before the discovery of levodopa it affected mainly tremor, limiting the possibility of only one-sided performance with an unacceptable risk of dysarthria, gait disorders and cognitive deficit in bilateral thalamotomy
 * Today surgical therapy reserved: for patients refractory to pharmacotherapy + those who develop significant dyskinesias as an adjunct to levodopa treatment
 * Stereotactic pallidotomy radiofrequency / cryodestruction
 * Non-destructive deep stimulation ncl. subthalamicus / posteroventral pallid
 * Transplantation of fetal dopaminergic bb. - results not yet convincing

Related articles

 * Parkinson's disease / PGS
 * Parkinson's syndrome
 * Extrapyramidal syndromes
 * Hyperkinetic extrapyramidal syndromes