Histology MCQs/Histological Technique



All statemets below are less or more related to the autolysis. Which of them is the best? - Autolysis is decay of tissues caused mainly by bacteria - Autolysis is decay of tissues caused mainly by action of the immune system + Autolysis is decay of tissues caused mainly by enzymes produced inside the tissue - Autolysis is decay of tissues caused by chemical compounds into which is the sample placed after harvesting
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 * No, it is called putrefaction

{Azokoupling reaction (azocoupling method) is a proof of enzymatic activity. Which enzyme is usually detected? + Alcaline phosphatase - Alcoholdehydrogenase - Non-specific esterase - Horseradish peroxidase
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{Degradation of a biological material caused by bacteria is called: - Apoptosis - Autolysis - Liquefaction + Putrefaction
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{How is removed the water out of tissues during common histological processing? - We use baths with xylene of subsequently higher and higher concentration + We use baths with ethanol of subsequently higher and higher concentration - We use baths with acetone of subsequently higher and higher concentration - We use baths with benzene of subsequently higher and higher concentration
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{Which compound is proven by Feulgen's method (Feulgen's staining)? + DNA - RNA - Proteins - Polysaccharides
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{How is called harvesting (collecting) of biological material from deceased? + Necropsy - Necromancy - Necrocomion - Material from deceased is not called "biological material"
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{How is called harvesting (collecting) of biological material? - Fine needle aspirational biopsy - Core cut biopsy - Trepanobiopsy + Biopsy
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{How thick are usually slices of the sample which are being glued on the underlying slide? - 1 - 10 nm - 1 - 2 μm + 4 - 10 μm - 50 - 100 μm
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{Which type of a microscope has to use laser as a source of light? + Confocal microscope - Polarisation microscope - Phase contrast microscope - Scanning electron microscope
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{Which structure is demonstrated (stained) by luxol blue? - Mucopolysaccharides + Phospholipids - Glycogen - Lipids
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{What is main principle of visualization of PAS reaction? (i.e., "How it works in a nutshell?") + Purple and insoluble product of reaction of Schiff's reagent with an aldehyde - Green and insoluble product of reaction of Schiff's reagent with an aldehyde - Purple and insoluble product of reaction of Lugol's reagent with an aldehyde - Green and insoluble product of reaction of Lugol's reagent with an aldehydee
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{Which type of chemical interaction is main principle of basic (overview) staining methods? - Van der Waals interactions between charged biomolecules and charged molecules of dyes + Electrostatic interaction between charged biomolecules and charged molecules of dyes - Covalent bonds between charged biomolecules and charged molecules of dyes - It depends on the staining technique, different principles can be dominant
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{Among following dyes, only one is not acidic. Which one? - Eosin - Orange G - Anilin blue + Hematoxylin
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{Which of following dyes is not basic? - Hematein + Orange G - Hematoxylin - Methylen blue
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{Which macromolecules are proven by PAS reaction? - RNA - DNA - Proteins + Polysaccharides
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{How is called thechnique which is able to detect specific sequence of nucleic acid on the tissue section? + In situ hybridization - Lectin histochemistry - Immunohistochemistry - Feulgen's method
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 * It's a trap! Feulgen's method is non-specific proof of DNA

{Which structure is highlighted using silver impregnation? - Mukopolysaccharides + Reticular fibers - Elastic fibers - Mucus
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{Which compound is stained by alcian blue? + Mukopolysaccharides - Phospholipids - Glycogen - Lipids
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{Which cellular structure is stained by aldehyde fuchsin? - Reticular fibers - Polysaccharides + Elastic fibers - Mucus
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{What stains orcein? - Reticular fibers - Polysaccharides + Elastic fibers - Mucus
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{Dyes of Sudan group are usually used as a staining for: - Polysacharides - Nucleid acids - Proteins + Lipids
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{Which basic (overview) staining technique is used the most often? - Weigert - Van Gieson - Mallory's trichrome + Hematoxylin - eosin - Masson's trichrome
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{Trichromatic methods (trichromes) are used for visualization of collagen. On which property of collagen is based this staining? - Collagen fibers are basophilic + Collagen fibers are eosinophilic - Collagen fibers are amphiphillic - Trichromes cannot be used for this purpose
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{What is main purpose of a cryotome? + Slicing of frozen samples - Slicing of desicated samples - Slicing of samples embedded into water soluble media - Slicing of samples embedded into water insoluble media
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{What is it a metachromasia? (i.e., What does it means a metachromatic staining?) - Metachromatic structure actively repulses molecules of the dye + Stained structure has different color than the color of the dye - Metachromatic structure actively accumulates molecules of the dye - Stained structure reacts chemically with the dye and this reaction changes substantially the chemical nature of the dye
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{What does it mean an excision? + Surgical removing of part of organ - Surgical removing of several organs - Brush away free cells from the surface - Harvesting of small cylinder of the tissue using a needle
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{What does it mean mounting of the slide? + Final gluing of the covering slide - Gluing of the slice on the underlying slide - Covering the block of tissue by the paraffin - Labeling of final slide by a bar- or QR code
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{What is it a diastase reaction? - Modification of PAS reaction based on two slides. One of these slides is pretreated by an enzyme which digest a DNA + Modification of PAS reaction based on two slides. One of these slides is pretreated by an enzyme which digest a glycogen - Modification of Feulgen's reaction based on two slides. One of these slides is pretreated by an enzyme which digest a DNA - Modification of Feulgen's reaction based on two slides. One of these slides is pretreated by an enzyme which digest a glycogen
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{What is it an indirect methods of immunohistochemistry? - Label is used indirectly - Label is bound to the primary antibody - Label is bound to the secondary antibody + Label is not bound to the primary antibody
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{What is it a negative control if the enzyme histochemistry is performed? - Result of second staining which is again negative + Sample in the workflow which surely lacks the analyzed structure - Sample in the workflow which surely contains the analyzed structure - Result of second staining which is negative, in contrast to the result of first staining
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{What is it a positive control if the enzyme histochemistry is performed? - Result of second staining which is again positive - Sample in the workflow which surely lacks the analyzed structure + Sample in the workflow which surely contains the analyzed structure - Result of second staining which is positive, in contrast to the result of first staining
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{What is it a direct method in immunohistochemistry? + Label is bound to the primary antibody - Label is bound to the secondary antibody - Label is bound directly to the active site of the antibody - Label is bound directly to the structure which should be demonstrated
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{Which structure is the best example of a basophilic structure? + Ribosomes - Mitochondria - Lipid droplets - Golgi apparatus
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{Which structure is the best example of an eosinophilic structure? - Ribosomes - Cell nucleus + Collagen fibers - Rough endoplasmic reticulum
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{Which chemical compound is usually main part of chemical fixatives? - Acetone - Formic acid + Formaldehyde - Osmium tetroxide
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{Which definition of a fixation is the best? - Freezing of the sample - Intense and careful drying up of the tissue - Submersion the sample into the fixative fluid + Fixation stops gently and quickly activity of enzymes inside the tissue
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{Which embedding medium is the most common? - Agar - Resin - Gelatin + Paraffin
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{Which is common color of nuclei after staining with hematoxylin eosin? - Cherry-like red + Blue to magenta - Pink to red - Pale pink
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{Which is color of the collagen if the green Masson's trichrome is used? - Yellow + Green - Blue - Red
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{Which is color or the collagen if the AZAN is used? - Red + Blue - Green - Yellow
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{Which label is the most widely used in immunohistochemistry for the electron microscopy? - Hematoxylin + Metal particles - Enzyme labeling - Fluorescent dye
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{Which label is the most widely used in immunohistochemistry for the light microscopy? + Enzyme labeling - Fluorescent dye - Metal particles - Hematoxylin
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{Which statement about a histochemistry is the most accurate? (i.e., "Select the best definition!") + Histochemistry is an identification and visualization of chemical compounds inside cells and tissues - Histochemistry is a measurement of concentration of chemical compounds inside tissues - Histochemistry ia an analysis of chemical reaction inside cells - Histochemistry is a research method only
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{Which statement about the chemical fixation describes it the best?(i.e., "Which statement is the most accurate?") + Chemical fixation can be based on either induction of cross-linking or denaturation - Chemical fixation can be performed only if the solution has room temperature - Chemical fixation is based on acting of formaldehyde on protein - Chemical fixation is used only exceptionally
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{Which statement about the physical fixation describes it the best? + Physical fixation is based on cessation of transporting function of water - Physical fixation is based on effects of microwave radiation - Physical fixation is based on effects of high temperature - Physical fixation is based on effects of low temperature
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{Which of following statements describes the curettage? - Brush away free cells from the the surface of a mucosa + Scrape of the tissue using a special tool - Surgical removing of whole organ - Surgical removing of whole organ
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{Why are histological samples stained? - Tissues are colored to chaotically, we have to reduce the number of colors - In fact, do dye is used, the term "staining" is a historical mistake - Reason is purely aesthetic, true colors of tissues are too ugly + Tissues are usually colorless, we have to add some colors
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{Why are trichromatic methods called "trichromatic"? - True reason is hidden in history, now it makes no sense + There are used three dyes, one basic and two acidic - There are used three dyes, all three acidic - There are used three dyes
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{Why is AZAN called AZAN? - AZAN is an abbreviation of main principule - AZocoupling Anthracite Neutralization + AZAN is an abbreviation of two main dyes - AZocarmine and ANiline blue - AZAN is an abbreviation (from German) - Alle Zellen Azurblau Nichfarbige - AZAN is a cool trade name only
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{Why is embedding of fixed sample important? (all statements are correct, select the best one) + Embedding increases hardness without increasing the fragility - Embedding increases durability of the sample - Embedded samples can be easily stored - Embedding is a tradition
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