Portal:Questions for final examination in Histology (1. LF UK, GM)

From WikiLectures

Cytology and Histological Technique[edit | edit source]

  1. Structural organization of the cell - overview of cell components
  2. Cell membrane - structure and function
  3. Nucleus and nucleolus – structure and function
  4. Membranous cell organelles - structure and function
  5. Non-membranous cell organelles - structure and function
  6. Cytoskeleton – structure, function and tissue specificity, principles of biological motors
  7. Intercellular junctions
  8. Cell inclusions, classification and functional significance
  9. Cell cycle and its regulation
  10. Cell division – mitosis and meiosis
  11. Cell death – apoptosis
  12. Endocytosis and exocytosis, their morphological manifestations
  13. Specialization of the cell surface, microvilli, stereocilia, cilia, basal and basolateral labyrinth
  14. Uptake of material for histological evaluation
  15. Processing of material for histological evaluation
  16. Histochemistry – principles and methods
  17. Immunohistochemistry – principles and methods

General histology[edit | edit source]

  1. Epithelial tissue (general characteristics, classification, polarity, function)
  2. Secretory epithelium, synthesis and release of secretions, types of secretion
  3. Absorptive epithelium
  4. Sensory epithelium
  5. Respiratory epithelium
  6. Connective tissue – general structure and classification
  7. Extracellular matrix – ground substance and fibrilar components
  8. Connective tissue proper – general characteristics and classification
  9. Collagen connective tissue – structure and function
  10. Adipose tissue – structure and function
  11. Cell types of connective tissue and their function
  12. Cartilage - structure and function, description of the individual types
  13. Microscopical structure of the bone tissue, description of the individual types
  14. Endochondral ossification
  15. Intramembranous ossification
  16. Microscopical structure of the bone marrow
  17. Composition of the peripheral blood
  18. Peripheral blood elements (description and general features)
  19. Erythrocytes (structure and function)
  20. Leukocytes, classification, structure and function of individual forms, leukogram
  21. Agranulocytes – mononuclears, structure and function
  22. Granulocytes – polymorphonuclears, structure and function
  23. Platelets – differentiation, structure and function
  24. Preparation, staining and evaluation of the blood smear
  25. Hematopoiesis, its periods, stem and progenitor cells, regulation of hematopoiesis
  26. Development of erythrocytes
  27. Leukopoiesis
  28. Muscle tissue and its classification
  29. Smooth muscle tissue
  30. Cross-striated muscle tissue, common features structure and function
  31. Structure of the skeletal muscle
  32. Ultrastructure and function of the myofibril
  33. Structure of the myocardium, structure and function of the heart impulse-conducting system
  34. General structure of nervous tissue
  35. Nerve cell – structure, types of neurons
  36. Synapses – structure and function, types of synapses
  37. Types of nerve fibers and their sheaths
  38. Neuroglia – common features, classification and function
  39. General structure of blood vessels, classification and function
  40. Capillaries, classification, structure and function
  41. Heart, structure of the wall, valves, impulse-conducting system
  42. Lymphoid organs and defense of the organism
  43. Thymus, structure and function
  44. Lymph node, structure and function
  45. Spleen, structure and function

General embryology[edit | edit source]

  1. Development of female gametes – oogenesis
  2. Development of male gametes – spermatogenesis
  3. Fertilization and early development of the human embryo
  4. Development of the blastocyst
  5. Implantation of the blastocyst
  6. Development of the amniotic and yolk sacs, chorion
  7. Embryonic disc and its differentiation
  8. Formation of the germ layers
  9. Notogenesis
  10. Primitive blood circulation
  11. Development of the umbilical cord and placenta and their developmental anomalies
  12. Placenta and fetal membranes structures and development
  13. Development of the facial region
  14. Development of the tooth
  15. Primitive cardiovascular system development
  16. Growth of the embryo, signs of the full-term baby, childbirth (parturition)
  17. Multiple pregnancies, twins and their fetal membranes
  18. Differentiation of mesoderm and mesenchyme
  19. Anomalies of the implantation, ectopic pregnancy
  20. Causes and manifestations of abnormal development, teratogenesis
  21. Development of the nasal and oral cavities
  22. Development of the chorion and chorionic villi. Hematoplacental barrier