Portal:Biology and Genetics

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Biology and Medical Genetics

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Institute of Biology and Department of Medical Genetics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague
Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague
Department of General Biology and Genetics, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University
Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University
department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno
Department of Medical Genetics and Fetal Medicine,University Hospital, Olomouc

List of articles by topic

Fundamental genetics

History of Genetics

Important dates and geneticists (Genetics in dates)

Monogenic inheritance

Basic concepts (Gene • Alleles • Allelic interactions • Genome • Genomic DNA •Genotype • Phenotype • Locus Polymorphism • Structural gene • Genes for tRNA, rRNA • Homozygote • Heterozygote • Hemizygote • Diploid• Haploid • Haplotype • Trait)
Mendelian pattern of inheritance (Mendel's experiments • Mendel's laws of inheritance • Monohybridism • Dihybridism • Parental, F1 and F2 generations • Backcross • Non-allelic gene interaction)
Non-Mendelian inheritance (Linkage • Mitochondrial inheritance • Genomic imprinting • Instability of repetitive sequences • Phenocopy • Pleiotropy • Uniparental disomy)

Oligogenic, polygenic and multifactorial inheritance

Oligogenic, polygenic and multifactorial inheritance (•Polygenic inheritance•Multifactorial inheritance•Heritability)

Molecular Genetics

Nucleic acids and proteosynthesis

DNA - structure, replication • RNA - structure, transcription • Transcription • mRNA • Proteins - structure, translation • "non-coding" RNA • Posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications

Epigenetics

DNA methylation • Imprinting • X-chromosome inactivation • Histone code • Epigenetics and human diseases

Wet-lab methods

DNA isolation • Polymerase chain reaction • Electrophoresis • Restriction fragment length polymorphism • Mutation identification • Single-strand conforamtion polymorphism (SSCP) • DGGE and TGGE • Heteroduplex analysis

Cytogenetics

Metaphasic chromosome

Chromosome • Structure of metaphasic chromosome • Centromere • Types of metaphasic chromosomes • Autosomes • Sex chromosomes • Chromosome X • Chromosome Y • Pseudoautosomal region • SRY gene • Mitochondrial DNA • Human karyotype

Chromosome assessment

Material • Chromosome identification • Indication for chromosome assessment• FISH

Chromosomal aberrations

Chromosomal aberrations (Structural chromosomal aberrations • Numerical chromosomal aberrations • Acquired chromosomal aberrations • Tumor cytogenetics • Prenatal screening)
Syndromes (Down syndrome • Edwards syndrome • Patau syndrome • Turner syndrome • Klinefelter syndrome • 47,XXX syndrome • 47,XYY syndrome)

Human genetics

Application of Mendel's laws in human genetics

Ecogenetics

Gene-environment interactions • Pharmacogenetics • Toxicogenetics • Nutrigenetics

Ontogenetics (Genetics of development)

Morphogen• Diferentiation• Ontogenesis of sex in mammals • Apoptosis • Genetics of aging • Inborn errors of development (Teratogens • Fetal alcohol syndrome • Phocomelia)

Immunogenetics

HLA• Rh system • Transplantation • Genetic control of antibody production

Genetics of complex traits

Genetic analysis of complex traits • Linkage studies • Association studies • Genetics of neurodegenerative diseases • Genetics of addiction • Ecogenetics of infectious diseases

Cell cycle

Cell cycle phases • Cell cycle regulation • Cell cycle disturbances • Genetics of prokaryotes, bacteria and viruses

Clinical genetics

Aims and definition of the field

Clinical genetics

Methods of clinical genetics

Prenatal diagnostics • Preimplantation genetic diagnostics • Assisted reproduction • In Vitro Fertilization

Ethical, Legal and Social issues in genetics

GE3LS concept • Biobanks • Ethical aspects of genetic testing • Ethical aspects of stem cell research • Genetically modified organisms • Legal aspects of genetics

Hereditary diseases

Hemophilia • Marfan syndrome • Phenylketonuria • Cystic fibrosis

Oncogeenetics

Biology of oncogenesis • (Proto)oncogenes • Tumor-supresor genes • Mutator genes • Hereditary tumor syndromes

Inborn errors of development

Inborn errors of development (Teratogens • Fetal alcohol syndrome • Phocomelia)

Gene therapy

Vectors

Population and evolutionary genetics

Population genetics

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium • Coefficient of inbreeding • Coefficient of relatedeness

Evolutionary genetics

Mutation • Natural selection • Genetic drift • Gene flow • DNA sequence evolution • Gene evolution • Ontogenesis and life-cycle evolution• Selection

Experimental genetics

Models in medical genetics and research

Unicellular models • Arabidopsis thaliana • Caenorhabditis elegans • Drosophila melanogaster • Danio rerio • Rattus norvegicus • Mus musculus • Pan troglodytes • in vitro - cell and tissue culture • in silico - computational models

Bioinformatics in genetics

Analysis and sequence comparison of biomolecules • Prediction of spatial conformation of biomolelcules • Phylogenetic tree construction • Bioinformatic approaches in genomics

Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics

Genomics • Human Genome and its variability • Transcriptomics • Proteomics • Pre-analytic sample preparation • 2-D electrophoresis • Isoelectric focussation • Mass spectrometry • Protein arrays

Portal:Biology and Genetics

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